CBD: Uses, Benefits, Side Effects, & Precautions

What is Cannabidiol (CBD)?

Cannabidiol, often abbreviated as CBD, is a naturally occurring compound found in the cannabis plant.¹ CBD’s popularity has surged in recent years, with numerous products flooding the market, ranging from oils and tinctures to gummies and creams.²

Unlike tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD does not produce the intoxicating effects commonly associated with cannabis use, making it a popular choice for those seeking potential therapeutic benefits of the plant without the “high.”¹ CBD interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system, a complex network of receptors and neurotransmitters that helps regulate various physiological processes, including pain sensation, mood, and immune responses.³

Research on CBD’s potential health benefits is ongoing, with some studies suggesting it may be effective in alleviating anxiety, reducing pain and inflammation, and even aiding in the management of specific types of seizures. However, the regulation of CBD products varies by country, and consumers should exercise caution when considering their use, ensuring they are sourced from reputable providers and consulting with healthcare professionals where necessary.

Is CBD Legal?

The legal status of CBD varies.^2,4 In the United States, hemp-derived CBD is legal at the federal level, provided it contains no more than 0.3% THC, the psychoactive compound in cannabis.^5,2 However, individual states may have their own regulations. So, while hemp-derived CBD is federally legal, the situation may differ depending on where you live.

On the global stage, some countries have embraced CBD for medical and recreational use, while others strictly regulate or ban it entirely. Consumers should familiarize themselves with the specific laws and regulations in their respective regions to ensure compliance. Consulting with local authorities or legal experts can provide clarity on the precise legal status of CBD in any given area.

CBD Use in the United States

In the United States, CBD has rapidly gained popularity and found its way into a wide array of consumer products.² These products include oils, tinctures, capsules, edibles, beverages, topicals, and even pet products. Its presence in so many products is driven by potential CBD benefits, such as its reported ability to alleviate anxiety and reduce pain and inflammation.

Consumers can find CBD-infused items in health and wellness stores, pharmacies, and even mainstream retail chains across the country. However, because CBD is not regulated by the FDA, it’s crucial to exercise caution, ensure the quality and safety of products, and understand the varying regulations that may exist at the state level regarding the sale and use of CBD.

Some consumer products that contain CBD include:

• Cosmetics: Because of CBD’s anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, some cosmetic products now contain CBD, as it may help soothe skin, reduce redness, and combat the signs of aging. These products range from moisturizers and serums to lip balms and bath salts.
• Beverages: Beverages include CBD-infused drinks like teas, coffees, and sparkling waters. These beverages claim to offer a refreshing way to relax and unwind while potentially benefiting from the calming effects of CBD.
• Gummies: Gummies have become a tasty and convenient way to incorporate CBD into daily routines. These edibles come in various flavors and formulations.
• Oils and Tinctures: Oils and tinctures are one of the most popular CBD products and have the potential to alleviate a wide range of issues, from stress and anxiety to pain and sleep disturbances. These liquid extracts are typically taken sublingually and offer precise dosing options.
• Pet Products: CBD is not just for humans; it’s also available for pets. CBD-infused pet products, such as treats, tinctures, and capsules, are designed to address issues like anxiety, joint pain, and inflammation in dogs and cats.

What Are the Benefits of CBD?

Potential benefits of CBD include its ability to address mental health issues such as anxiety and depression.^6,2,7,8 CBD helps with anxiety by interacting with the body’s endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in regulating stress responses. CBD influences certain neurotransmitters, helping to reduce feelings of anxiety and promote a sense of calm.

CBD may help depression. CBD is believed to have mood-enhancing properties, interacting with serotonin receptors in the brain, a neurotransmitter linked to feelings of well-being and happiness. CBD is not a substitute for professional treatment, though CBD may complement traditional therapies.

The effects of CBD vary from person to person, and individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, or other mental health issues should consult with a healthcare professional before starting CBD. CBD is not a cure-all, and its role in mental health is still an evolving field of research.

How Can CBD Affect Your Health?

CBD has potential effects on health. Many factors contribute to how long CBD stays in your system. The endocannabinoid system that CBD interacts with plays a role in regulating various physiological functions. CBD’s anti-inflammatory properties may help reduce pain and discomfort, and it has been used by individuals dealing with chronic pain conditions such as arthritis and neuropathic pain.^9,3

CBD may also improve sleep quality.³ By reducing anxiety and promoting relaxation, CBD may help individuals fall asleep faster and enjoy deeper, more restful sleep. While the effects can vary, some people find CBD beneficial in managing insomnia and sleep disorders.

The impact of CBD on health is highly individual, and more research is needed to fully understand its potential benefits and any associated risks. Moreover, the use of CBD should be discussed with a healthcare professional, particularly when addressing specific health concerns.

Is CBD a Medicine?

There is accumulating evidence to suggest that CBD may offer various medical benefits. One of the most well-documented areas of potential medical benefit is in the management of epilepsy and specific types of seizures. The FDA has approved a CBD-based prescription medication, Epidiolex, for the treatment of rare and severe forms of epilepsy.²

It’s important to emphasize that while CBD shows promise in areas such as epilepsy, chronic pain, inflammation, anxiety, and sleep disorders, more extensive clinical studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and determine the appropriate CBD dosages for specific medical conditions.² Anyone considering CBD for medical use should consult with a healthcare professional.

Is CBD Oil Beneficial?

While more studies are needed, there is evidence to suggest that CBD oil is beneficial. CBD oil may help alleviate pain, helping regulate pain perception and inflammation. Many individuals use CBD oil as an alternative or complementary approach to managing pain, particularly when other treatments have proven less effective or have unwanted side effects.

CBD oil is also being explored for its potential role in managing anxiety and stress. Some users report experiencing a sense of relaxation and reduced anxiety after using CBD oil. Its impact on mood and anxiety disorders may be attributed to its interaction with neurotransmitters that play a role in regulating emotions, such as serotonin.

It’s important to remember that individual responses to CBD oil can vary, and its benefits may differ from person to person. Anyone considering CBD oil for its potential benefits should consult with a healthcare professional to ensure that it’s a suitable and safe option for their specific health concerns.

Potential Harm & Side Effects of CBD

There are potential risks and side effects associated with the use of CBD.³ The most commonly reported side effects of CBD include dizziness, dry mouth, changes in appetite, diarrhea, and drowsiness. These effects can vary from person to person and are typically mild, but using CBD with caution is important.

CBD’s impact on the liver’s ability to metabolize certain medications has raised concerns about potential drug interactions. Individuals using prescription medications should consult with a healthcare professional before using CBD. Inadequately regulated products may contain impurities, mislabeling, or inconsistent levels of CBD and THC. Consumers should seek out reputable CBD suppliers, carefully review product labels, and consult with healthcare professionals to ensure safe and effective use.

Some possible harmful side effects of CBD include:

• Diarrhea
• Dizziness
• Changes in appetite
• Drowsiness
• Dry mouth
• Interactions with medications
• Nausea
• Mood changes

Can You Use CBD While Pregnant or Breastfeeding?

CBD can potentially cross the placental barrier, which raises concerns about its effects on pregnancy. While there is no clear evidence that CBD directly harms the fetus, the lack of research makes it challenging to assess its safety. CBD products may contain other compounds, like trace amounts of THC, that can pose risks during pregnancy.

During breastfeeding, the potential transfer of CBD to the infant through breast milk is a concern. While research on the safety of CBD during breastfeeding is limited, healthcare professionals often advise against its use during this period to err on the side of caution.

Some of the side effects associated with CBD use, such as dizziness, dry mouth, and changes in appetite, could potentially affect pregnant or breastfeeding individuals. It’s advisable for pregnant and breastfeeding individuals to consult with healthcare professionals before using CBD products and to consider alternative, proven methods for addressing health concerns.

When to Get Professional Support

If your relationship with substances starts to negatively impact your daily life, relationships, and overall well-being, it may be time to get professional support. Early intervention can greatly improve the chances of successful recovery.

Try searching an online therapist directory to find a therapist who specializes in substance use. For some, an online therapy platform may be a good choice, though others may benefit from in-person therapy. If medication management is a part of your treatment, there are online psychiatrist options as well as in-person options.

In My Experience

In my experience, what is helpful for each individual client is different, and it’s important to find what works best for you. Many individuals appreciate being able to seek out various alternative or complementary treatments. I believe it’s always best to consult with healthcare professionals you trust when considering your options. And be honest with all healthcare professionals you work with. Recommendations may change depending on what substances you’re using.