Can L-tyrosine Help With ADHD Symptoms? The “Over-the-Counter Adderall”

What Is L-tyrosine?

L-tyrosine is a building block of proteins that our bodies use to make important chemicals called neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters, like dopamine and norepinephrine, help our brain cells communicate and play a role in things like focus, mood, and energy levels.

When we consume L-tyrosine through our diet or supplements, our body uses it to create these neurotransmitters. It’s like giving our brain the raw materials it needs to make the chemicals that help us stay alert, attentive, and in a balanced mood. This is why some people believe that L-tyrosine might have a positive effect on conditions like ADHD, where these neurotransmitters might be imbalanced. However, it’s important to remember that L-tyrosine isn’t a magic solution and should be approached as part of a broader approach to health and well-being.

How Does L-tyrosine Work?

In the body, L-tyrosine follows a chemical pathway. It is converted into a precursor called L-DOPA, which then transforms into important neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. These neurotransmitters play vital roles in regulating mood, attention, and stress responses.

L-tyrosine can be obtained from dietary sources, including cheese, soybeans, fish, chicken, nuts, eggs, dairy, beans, and whole grains. However, supplements offer a more concentrated dose, which could be helpful for individuals who struggle to get sufficient L-tyrosine from their diet. While supplements might provide a convenient option, they should be approached with caution. Natural food sources contain other nutrients that contribute to overall health, and excessive supplement intake could potentially lead to imbalances or side effects.

Many medical disorders, such as ADHD, occur because a person lacks the enzymes necessary to make an important protein. In ADHD, it isn’t clear why there’s an insufficiency of certain neurotransmitter actions. So, providing an extra amount of building blocks like L-tyrosine might not help if the body can’t sufficiently produce the neurotransmitters or if the body doesn’t respond adequately to the neurotransmitters. In this case, extra supplementation might help, but the extra L-tyrosine could potentially just be eliminated. by the body, or it could potentially cause harm. That’s why research needs to be done to see how supplements affect people with ADHD.

Can L-tyrosine Help with ADHD Symptoms?

Research suggests that the chemical action of L-tyrosine could offer potential relief for certain ADHD symptoms relating to focus, attention, and mood regulation. In ADHD, there’s often an imbalance in these neurotransmitters, which may contribute to symptoms like difficulty concentrating, impulsivity, and restlessness.

Studies exploring the link between L-tyrosine and ADHD have found that supplementation improved certain cognitive aspects, suggesting a potentially positive impact on ADHD-related symptoms.¹ Additional studies have shown an increase in focus and attention with L-tyrosine, but only when dopamine or epinephrine were temporarily depleted by stress.² While potentially beneficial, it’s important to note that L-tyrosine isn’t a standalone solution and would best be used as an adjunct to other ADHD therapies.

L-tyrosine vs. Adderall

L-tyrosine and Adderall differ in their approaches to addressing ADHD symptoms. L-tyrosine serves as a building block for neurotransmitters like dopamine, potentially helping to rebalance brain chemistry and improve focus and attention over time. In contrast, Adderall is a prescription medication that contains amphetamine compounds, directly increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels, resulting in more immediate symptom relief.

Adderall’s effects tend to be more pronounced, making it more effective for severe symptoms. However, Adderall comes with a higher risk of side effects and dependency.³ L-tyrosine, on the other hand, is a natural supplement with a milder impact.

L-tyrosine for ADHD in Adults Vs. Children

Research into the potential benefits of L-tyrosine for children with ADHD is an ongoing area of interest. Some studies have explored the use of L-tyrosine as a supplement in children with ADHD, with the idea that it might help improve neurotransmitter balance and alleviate symptoms. However, the evidence is limited and inconclusive, and the use of L-tyrosine as a treatment for children with ADHD is not recommended.

A study published in 2016 revealed that children with ADHD had normal levels of tyrosine and other amino acids in their blood, concluding that it would not be beneficial for children to receive L-tyrosine supplementation in order to treat ADHD symptoms.⁴

How Long Does It Take for L-tyrosine to Work?

The timeline for feeling the effects of L-tyrosine on ADHD symptoms can vary among individuals. Generally, it may take several weeks of consistent L-tyrosine supplementation before improvements in symptoms are observed. This gradual onset is due to the process involved in neurotransmitter production and regulation. L-tyrosine first needs to be absorbed, converted into precursor compounds, and then transformed into neurotransmitters like dopamine. It is only at this point that someone who is deficient in L-tyrosine might begin to see benefits.⁵

Sources of L-Tyrosine

L-tyrosine can be obtained from various dietary sources, such as protein-rich foods like poultry, fish, dairy products, and legumes. Additionally, L-tyrosine is available as a dietary supplement, which provides a more concentrated form of the amino acid. While dietary sources offer a natural and balanced intake of nutrients, supplements can provide a targeted and convenient way to increase L-tyrosine intake. However, it’s important to approach supplementation cautiously and seek guidance from a healthcare professional to ensure appropriate usage.

L-tyrosine can be found naturally in the following foods:

• Poultry (chicken, turkey)
• Fish (salmon, tuna, cod)
• Dairy products (cheese, yogurt, milk)
• Eggs
• Lean meats (beef, pork)
• Nuts (almonds, peanuts, walnuts)
• Seeds (pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds)
• Legumes (beans, lentils)
• Whole grains (oats, quinoa)
• Soy products (tofu, tempeh)
• Avocado
• Bananas
• Apples
• Leafy greens (spinach, kale)

L-tyrosine is also available as a dietary supplement, either in a standalone form or as an ingredient within various formulations. These supplements can come in the form of capsules, tablets, powders, or liquids.

L-tyrosine is also available as a supplement, such as:

• Pure L-tyrosine supplements: These supplements provide L-tyrosine in its standalone form, aiming to support neurotransmitter production and cognitive function.
• Cognitive support formulas: L-tyrosine is often included in supplements designed to enhance cognitive performance, focus, and mental clarity.
• Mood-boosting blends: L-tyrosine may be part of mood-enhancing supplements, potentially contributing to a balanced mood and stress response.
• Energy and alertness products: Some supplements combine L-tyrosine with other ingredients to promote increased energy levels and alertness.
• Pre-workout formulations: L-tyrosine can be found in pre-workout supplements, believed to support energy and mental focus during exercise.
• ADHD management support: L-tyrosine might be included in formulations aimed at supporting ADHD symptom management by potentially improving neurotransmitter balance.
• Stress relief supplements: L-tyrosine could be a component of supplements designed to alleviate stress and promote relaxation.
• Weight management products: L-tyrosine may be present in supplements targeting weight loss or appetite control, possibly influencing mood and cravings.
• Nootropic blends: L-tyrosine is commonly included in nootropic supplements, which aim to enhance cognitive function, memory, and mental clarity.
• Combination amino acid formulas: Some supplements combine L-tyrosine with other amino acids to provide comprehensive support for overall health and well-being.

It’s important to note that the effectiveness of these supplements can vary, and individual responses may differ. By law, the FDA does not approve dietary supplements or their labeling.

L-tyrosine Dosage for ADHD

The recommended dosage range for L-tyrosine supplements, according to manufacturers, typically falls between 500 to 1500 mg per day. L-tyrosine is available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, powders, and liquids, providing flexibility in choosing a preferred method of consumption. It’s generally advised to take L-tyrosine on an empty stomach, as protein-rich meals might interfere with its absorption. However, following specific product instructions will best optimize its effectiveness.⁶

If you are already taking medication for ADHD, consult your doctor before adding L-tyrosine to your regimen. This precaution is necessary because L-tyrosine can potentially influence neurotransmitter levels, which may interact with the effects of ADHD medications. Individuals with sensitivity to stimulant-like effects or those with certain health conditions, such as high blood pressure or thyroid disorders, might experience adverse reactions when combining L-tyrosine with ADHD medications.⁶

Possible Side Effects of L-tyrosine

Some individuals may experience side effects from L-tyrosine supplementation, although they are generally mild and rare. It’s important to start with a lower dosage and gradually increase if needed, under the guidance of a healthcare professional, to minimize the risk of adverse reactions.

Common side effects may include:

• Fatigue
• Heartburn
• Nausea
• Headache
• Changes in blood pressure

*Dietary supplements (including vitamins, supplements, herbs, and natural medicines) are not regulated the same way as medications by the FDA. Before being sold to the public, these products do not have the same clinical trials to determine their safety and efficacy. You should consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting any new dietary supplement.

Potential Benefits of Taking L-tyrosine for ADHD

L-tyrosine supplementation has been explored as a potential adjunctive treatment for adult ADHD, with research suggesting possible benefits. Studies have indicated that L-tyrosine plays a role in dopamine production, which is linked to attention and focus. It’s theorized that supplementing with L-tyrosine might help address neurotransmitter imbalances contributing to ADHD symptoms. However, it’s important to note that these findings are based on limited research and single studies, which do not equate to the robustness of well-designed clinical trials.

Furthermore, the effectiveness of L-tyrosine as a standalone treatment for adult ADHD remains unclear. The available evidence is not comprehensive or consistent enough to establish L-tyrosine as a definitive solution. Clinical trials with larger sample sizes, placebo controls, and longer durations are necessary to better understand its potential benefits, optimal dosages, and any potential risks or side effects. As of now, the standard approach to adult ADHD treatment involves a combination of behavioral therapies, lifestyle adjustments, and prescription medications that have undergone rigorous testing.

Some possible benefits of taking L-tyrosine for ADHD may include:⁵

• Mood stabilization
• Attention and focus support
• Reduced stress
• Improved mental function in response to stress

*While some research has shown the benefits of L-tyrosine in adults with ADHD, it is essential to emphasize that the current body of evidence is limited, and results from individual studies are not enough to establish efficacy.

Improved Cognitive Functioning

One study conducted in 2015 demonstrated that tyrosine supplementation helped improve cognitive function temporarily in stressful or demanding situations. However, the study participants were not noted to have a diagnosis of ADHD.² Other studies have noted improved cognitive flexibility but, again, did not note if study participants had ADHD and how it may have improved the condition’s symptoms.

Improved Memory

A study published in “Neuropsychopharmacology” in 2011 explored cognitive and brain responses related to nicotine cues and tyrosine depletion, indirectly hinting at possible memory-related effects. However, comprehensive studies specifically investigating the impact of L-tyrosine on memory deficits associated with ADHD are lacking, highlighting the need for further research to establish a clear link between L-tyrosine supplementation and memory improvement in this context.⁷

Who Should Not Take L-tyrosine?

It is not recommended to take supplemental L-tyrosine if someone is pregnant, breastfeeding, or has a thyroid disorder, as tyrosine is used to produce thyroid hormones. This can result in conditions such as hyperthyroidism or Grave’s disease becoming worse, with too much hormone being produced. People who have liver or kidney disease need to check with their doctor before taking any supplement. L-tyrosine is an amino acid, and it can cause serious harm especially for people who have kidney disease.

Does L-tyrosine Interact With ADHD Medications?

Stimulant medications (methylphenidate, amphetamines, etc.) taken with L-tyrosine might enhance the stimulant effects of these medications, potentially increasing heart rate and blood pressure. This potential additive effect is likely due to both medications affecting dopamine production.

Questions to Ask Your Healthcare Provider About Taking L-tyrosine for ADHD

When speaking to your provider about the use of L-tyrosine for ADHD, one should inquire about any drug interactions, existing health conditions, and any potential side effects. While uncommon, gastrointestinal discomfort and changes in blood pressure have been noted with tyrosine. One should also ask their doctor about additional treatments for ADHD, as L-tyrosine alone is likely not enough to manage the condition in most individuals. Psychiatrists and therapists can offer insights into how L-tyrosine might complement their overall treatment plan and address specific symptoms. If someone needs to change prescribers or seek additional guidance, online psychiatry services can be a practical solution.

Questions to ask your care team about L-tyrosine include:

• How long will it take for me to adjust to taking L-tyrosine for ADHD?
• What dosage would be best for me, and what dosage form would be easiest for me to take consistently?
• Am I at risk for more severe symptoms if I am already taking other anxiety /depression medications?
• What is the best dosage to ensure fewer side effects?
• Is there anything I should tell my therapist about this new medication?
• Could L-tyrosine address my specific symptoms or concerns, what other alternatives are there?
• Is L-tyrosine safe for me?
• What foods contain L-tyrosine?

Other Treatment Options for ADHD

ADHD treatment often involves a multimodal approach tailored to individual needs. Alongside potential supplements like L-tyrosine, common treatment options include behavioral therapies, psychoeducation, and prescription medications. Stimulant medications like methylphenidate and amphetamines are commonly prescribed and have been shown to improve symptoms significantly.⁸

Treatment options for ADHD include:⁸

• Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): CBT for ADHD is beneficial by teaching individuals practical strategies to improve time management, organizational skills, and impulse control. It helps individuals identify and modify negative thought patterns, fostering better self-regulation and coping mechanisms for managing ADHD-related challenges.
• Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT): DBT is helpful by teaching mindfulness, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness skills. It enables individuals to manage impulsivity, navigate intense emotions, and improve relationships, thereby enhancing overall emotional well-being and daily functioning.
• Stimulant Medications: These medications increase neurotransmitter levels, enhancing focus and attention. They are among the most commonly prescribed and researched treatments for ADHD.
• Non-Stimulant Medications: These alternatives are suitable for individuals who don’t respond well to stimulants or have contraindications. They work through different mechanisms to improve ADHD symptoms.
• Psychoeducation: Education about ADHD helps individuals and their families understand the condition, its impact, and how to develop effective strategies for managing symptoms.
• Executive Function Coaching: Coaching focuses on improving skills related to planning, organization, time management, and goal-setting, which are often impaired in ADHD.
• Educational Support and Accommodations: In academic settings, individualized plans and accommodations can provide tailored support to help individuals with ADHD succeed in their studies.

L-tyrosine in Combination With Other ADHD Treatments

As both medications have the potential to increase dopamine levels, L-tyrosine may increase the effects created by stimulant medications used for the treatment of ADHD. But due to a lack of research regarding tyrosine as an adjunct to ADHD treatment, it is important to consult a healthcare professional to ensure the best outcome.

In My Experience

In my experience, L-tyrosine may have minor benefits in patients who struggle with focusing and completing tasks, but as of right now, there is just not enough research to fully support its use in ADHD. This is especially true when considering the wealth of other options available for treating ADHD, including prescription medications, therapy, and other services to try and best accommodate the condition. Ultimately, if you feel you are struggling with ADHD symptoms, my recommendation is to consult your provider and look into what treatment would work best for you and your lifestyle. L-tyrosine could potentially be an adjunct added to that plan, but it is important to ensure the condition is being treated comprehensively.

For Further Reading

• ADHD in Women: Signs, Symptoms, & Treatments
• Clonidine for ADHD: How It Works, Side Effects, & Precautions
• ADHD Treatment Recommendations (CDC)
• Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder: What is ADHD?