• Mental Health
    • Anxiety
      • What is Anxiety?
      • Types of Anxiety Disorders
      • Signs & Symptoms of Anxiety
      • Treatments for Anxiety
      • Anxiety Statistics
      • See More Anxiety Content
      • Find an Anxiety Specialist
    • Depression
      • What is Depression?
      • Types of Depression
      • Signs & Symptoms of Depression
      • Treatments for Depression
      • Depression Statistics
      • Find a Depression Specialist
    • Bipolar Disorder
      • What is Bipolar Disorder?
      • Bipolar I vs. Bipolar II
      • Signs & Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
      • What Are Bipolar Disorder Cycles?
      • Treatments for Bipolar Disorder
      • Find a Bipolar Disorder Specialist
    • ADHD
      • What is ADHD?
      • ADHD Signs & Symptoms
      • ADHD & Depression
      • Find an ADHD Specialist
    • Addiction
      • What is Addiction?
      • What Are Behavioral Addictions?
      • Addiction vs Dependence
      • Addiction Myths vs Facts
      • Addiction Statistics
      • How to Help a Friend
      • Find an Addiction Specialist
    • Eating Disorders
      • Anorexia
      • Bulimia
    • Personality Disorders
      • Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
        • OCD vs. OCPD
    • Trauma
      • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
        • PTSD & COVID-19
      • Childhood Trauma
    • Sexual Disorders
      • Gender Dysphoria
      • Anorgasmia
      • Female Sexual Arousal Disorder (FSAD)
      • Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD)
      • Premature Ejaculation (PE)
      • Delayed Ejaculation
    • Schizophrenia
  • Therapy Techniques
    • Online Therapy
      • Best Online Therapy
      • Online Therapy for Teens
      • Best LGBTQ Online Therapy
      • Best Online Therapy for Insurance
    • Psychotherapy
    • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
      • CBT for Anxiety
      • CBT for Social Anxiety
      • CBT for Panic Disorder
      • CBT for Insomnia
      • CBT Online
    • Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)
      • DBT for Teens
    • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
    • Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)
      • EMDR for PTSD
      • EMDR for Anxiety
      • EMDR Online
    • Art Therapy
    • Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
    • Exposure and Response Prevention
    • Group Therapy
    • Hypnotherapy
    • Motivational Interviewing
    • Person Centered Therapy
    • Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy
    • Sex Therapy
  • Types of Therapists
    • Faith-Based & Christian Counselors
    • Life Coaching
    • Family Therapist
      • Child & Teen Counseling
    • Marriage & Couples Counselors
      • Premarital Counseling
    • Psychiatrist
      • Psychology vs. Psychiatry
    • Psychotherapist
    • Grief Counselors
    • Online Therapists
  • Starting Therapy FAQ
    • Does Therapy Work?
      • How to Find a Therapist
      • Helping a Friend or Loved One
    • How to Choose a Therapist
      • Finding a Black Therapist
      • Finding a Latinx Therapist
      • Finding an LGBTQ-Friendly Therapist
      • Finding a Therapist as a Young Adult
      • Finding an Online Therapist
    • Preparing for Your First Session
    • Types of Mental Health Professionals
    • Mental Health Insurance
      • HSAs for Therapy
      • Sliding Scale Therapy Fees
    • Mental Health in the Workplace
      • Asking for a Mental Health Day
      • Taking Time Off for Mental Health
    • Top Mental Health Organizations
      • Mental Health Resources Outside the U.S.
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Policy
    • Advertising Policy
    • Privacy Policy
    • Contact Us
    • Write for Us
    • Join the Directory
    • Careers
  • Therapist Directory
    • Find a Therapist
    • Join the Directory
    • Directory Login
  • Mental Health
    • Anxiety
      • What is Anxiety?
      • Types of Anxiety Disorders
      • Signs & Symptoms of Anxiety
      • Treatments for Anxiety
      • Anxiety Statistics
      • See More Anxiety Content
      • Find an Anxiety Specialist
    • Depression
      • What is Depression?
      • Types of Depression
      • Signs & Symptoms of Depression
      • Treatments for Depression
      • Depression Statistics
      • Find a Depression Specialist
    • Bipolar Disorder
      • What is Bipolar Disorder?
      • Bipolar I vs. Bipolar II
      • Signs & Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
      • What Are Bipolar Disorder Cycles?
      • Treatments for Bipolar Disorder
      • Find a Bipolar Disorder Specialist
    • ADHD
      • What is ADHD?
      • ADHD Signs & Symptoms
      • ADHD & Depression
      • Find an ADHD Specialist
    • Addiction
      • What is Addiction?
      • What Are Behavioral Addictions?
      • Addiction vs Dependence
      • Addiction Myths vs Facts
      • Addiction Statistics
      • How to Help a Friend
      • Find an Addiction Specialist
    • Eating Disorders
      • Anorexia
      • Bulimia
    • Personality Disorders
      • Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
        • OCD vs. OCPD
    • Trauma
      • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
        • PTSD & COVID-19
      • Childhood Trauma
    • Sexual Disorders
      • Gender Dysphoria
      • Anorgasmia
      • Female Sexual Arousal Disorder (FSAD)
      • Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD)
      • Premature Ejaculation (PE)
      • Delayed Ejaculation
    • Schizophrenia
  • Therapy Techniques
    • Online Therapy
      • Best Online Therapy
      • Online Therapy for Teens
      • Best LGBTQ Online Therapy
      • Best Online Therapy for Insurance
    • Psychotherapy
    • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
      • CBT for Anxiety
      • CBT for Social Anxiety
      • CBT for Panic Disorder
      • CBT for Insomnia
      • CBT Online
    • Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)
      • DBT for Teens
    • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
    • Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)
      • EMDR for PTSD
      • EMDR for Anxiety
      • EMDR Online
    • Art Therapy
    • Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
    • Exposure and Response Prevention
    • Group Therapy
    • Hypnotherapy
    • Motivational Interviewing
    • Person Centered Therapy
    • Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy
    • Sex Therapy
  • Types of Therapists
    • Faith-Based & Christian Counselors
    • Life Coaching
    • Family Therapist
      • Child & Teen Counseling
    • Marriage & Couples Counselors
      • Premarital Counseling
    • Psychiatrist
      • Psychology vs. Psychiatry
    • Psychotherapist
    • Grief Counselors
    • Online Therapists
  • Starting Therapy FAQ
    • Does Therapy Work?
      • How to Find a Therapist
      • Helping a Friend or Loved One
    • How to Choose a Therapist
      • Finding a Black Therapist
      • Finding a Latinx Therapist
      • Finding an LGBTQ-Friendly Therapist
      • Finding a Therapist as a Young Adult
      • Finding an Online Therapist
    • Preparing for Your First Session
    • Types of Mental Health Professionals
    • Mental Health Insurance
      • HSAs for Therapy
      • Sliding Scale Therapy Fees
    • Mental Health in the Workplace
      • Asking for a Mental Health Day
      • Taking Time Off for Mental Health
    • Top Mental Health Organizations
      • Mental Health Resources Outside the U.S.
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Policy
    • Advertising Policy
    • Privacy Policy
    • Contact Us
    • Write for Us
    • Join the Directory
    • Careers
  • Therapist Directory
    • Find a Therapist
    • Join the Directory
    • Directory Login
Skip to content

Medication for Anxiety: Types, Side Effects, and Management

Published: May 10, 2022 Updated: November 16, 2022
Published: 05/10/2022 Updated: 11/16/2022
Headshot of Eric Patterson, LPC
Written by:

Eric Patterson

LPC
Dena Westphalen, PharmD
Reviewed by:

Dena Westphalen

PharmD
  • About Treatment & Medication for AnxietyAnxiety Treatment
  • The Role of Medication for AnxietyMedication
  • Antidepressants for AnxietyAntidepressants
  • BenzodiazepinesBenzodiazepines
  • BuspironeBuspirone
  • Beta-BlockersBeta-Blockers
  • Other Anxiety MedicationsOther Options
  • Medication Isn’t the Only Option for Treating AnxietyOther Treatments
  • Deciding If Anxiety Medication Is Right for YouDeciding Medications
  • Is It Alright to Stop My Dose When I Start Feeling Better?When to Stop
  • Tips for Taking Your Anxiety Medication ConsistentlyTips
  • Additional ResourcesResources
Headshot of Eric Patterson, LPC
Written by:

Eric Patterson

LPC
Dena Westphalen, PharmD
Reviewed by:

Dena Westphalen

PharmD

Alone or used in combination with psychotherapy, medication management (sometimes called pharmacotherapy) is a frontline treatment for many symptoms of anxiety and anxiety disorders. As the most commonly occurring group of mental health conditions, anxiety disorders affect nearly 40 million American adults each year.1 Fortunately, medications for anxiety are generally safe and effective in battling anxious symptoms.

Before you begin a new medication for anxiety, it’s important that you have a thorough explanation from your prescriber about your dosage and any potential side effects you may experience. Knowing what to expect and adverse effects to watch for is critical before starting any new medication.

Online Psychiatry and Medication Management Covered By Insurance

Talkiatry offers psychiatric appointments with real doctors within a week. They’re in-network with every major insurer and offer medication management. Take the assessment and meet your new psychiatrist.

Choosing Therapy is compensated for marketing by Talkiatry.

Free Assessment

About Treatment & Medication for Anxiety

Before thinking about exploring treatment for anxiety, people must understand that some level of anxiety, including occasional stress, physical tension, and worry, is normal. In some cases, small doses of anxiety are actually helpful, so no one should establish the goal of eliminating all anxiety.

Each anxiety disorder and each person’s experience with their condition is unique, so the choice to start medication must be a unified decision between the person and their prescriber. There are many different medications used for anxiety symptoms, which can complicate treatment, but as long as the process is fully transparent and collaborative, there is a good chance that you’ll find the best way to minimize your anxiety symptoms.

The Role of Medication for Anxiety

Medications play an essential role in treating anxiety for many people, either as the only part of their treatment plan or when used jointly with psychotherapy, like cognitive behavioral therapy. With medications and other care, anxiety disorders are very treatable, but sadly, only about 40% of those people with anxiety disorders seek professional treatment, perhaps because some people worry about what taking anxiety medication might feel like.1

Medication does not cure or eliminate an anxiety disorder, but a helpful medication can reduce the unwanted symptoms that accompany the condition.2 When someone notes cognitive symptoms of increased feelings of fear, dread, and worry paired with the physical symptoms of being sweaty, tense, and shaky, starting a medication for anxiety could be very beneficial – although you shouldn’t necessarily expect immediate results.

Kirsten Thompson, M.D. Psychiatrist and Founder of Remedy PsychiatryAccording to Kirsten Thompson, M.D. Psychiatrist and Founder of Remedy Psychiatry, “Medication can be very helpful to those suffering from moderate to severe anxiety. When symptoms are impairing life and daily functioning, it can be hard to implement behavioral changes to feel better, such as eating well, exercising and going to therapy. In these cases, when behavioral changes are difficult to do, or simply not effective in reducing depression and anxiety, medication can often help. Outcomes vary, but studies show that medication can lead to remission of symptoms in about 35-65% of people.”

Antidepressants for Anxiety

Antidepressants are a group of medications primarily used to manage depressive disorders, but antidepressants are often a firstline treatment for anxiety disorders also. Though there are different types of antidepressants, these medications generally work by increasing the available amounts of desirable chemicals in the brain. With higher levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine, cells can better absorb them to promote feelings of relaxation and calm.4

Antidepressants for anxiety are used whenever a prescriber believes adding more serotonin or (serotonin and norepinephrine) to the system could relieve symptoms.

SSRIs

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) work by blocking neurons from reabsorbing serotonin before it can be appropriately used.

Examples of SSRI antidepressants include:

  • citalopram (Celexa)
  • escitalopram (Lexapro)
  • fluoxetine (Prozac)
  • paroxetine (Paxil)
  • sertraline (Zoloft)

SNRIs

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), work by blocking the reabsorption of both serotonin and norepinephrine, which adds a dual mechanism to further improve symptom relief.

Examples of SNRI antidepressants include:

  • desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
  • duloxetine (Cymbalta)
  • levomilnacipran (Fetzima)
  • venlafaxine (Effexor)

SSRIs vs. SNRIs

Both SNRIs and SSRIs work equally well overall, but some people will respond much better to one specific drug than another. At times, the first medication may not have the wanted effect, so the prescriber will try another option. Patience is always needed, as it may take up to six weeks to notice the wanted effects of an antidepressant.3

Tricyclic Antidepressants

As an older group of medications used for depression, tricyclic antidepressants may be used as anxiety treatments because of their sedating effects. Many tricyclics create effects by interacting with serotonin and norepinephrine. Caution must be practiced with these medications due a risk of accidental overdose.8

Some examples of tricyclics include:8

  • imipramine (Tofranil)
  • amitriptyline (Elavil)
  • clomipramine (Anafranil)
  • nortriptyline (Pamelor)

Side Effects of Antidepressants

Antidepressant medications are suitable options for many because they cause fewer side effects than other drug types—but the risk is still present. Just as some antidepressants work better for certain people, some will create more side effects. Talk with your prescribing doctor prior to starting medication to better understand how different antidepressants might affect you.

Some of the most common antidepressant side effects include:3,4

  • Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
  • Weight gain or weight loss
  • Feeling tired and sleepy
  • Sexual problems
  • Insomnia
  • Headache

Beyond the common side effects, antidepressants are sometimes linked to more serious consequences like:3

  • Thoughts about death and dying
  • Worsening depression
  • Worsening anxiety
  • Panic attacks
  • Increased anger or violence
  • High levels of energy and activity connected to mania

Antidepressants & Suicide Risk

Antidepressants like SSRIs and SNRIs carry a black box warning, the most serious warning given by the FDA, for increased risk of suicidal thoughts and actions. People under 25 are at an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and actions, especially in the first few weeks after starting or increasing an antidepressant. Prescribers, patients, and parents should be aware of the risks and communicate concerns.2

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines are the most common form of anti-anxiety drugs.2 Compared to antidepressants, benzodiazepines take effect very quickly. In some cases, people may feel the calming and relaxing benefits of these drugs just minutes after use, but they have substantial risks as well.5

Rather than acting on serotonin or norepinephrine, benzodiazepines interact with another neurotransmitter called GABA, short for gamma-aminobutyric acid. GABA inhibits signaling in the brain and influences sleep, muscle relaxation, feeling calm, and slows brain activity.5

Examples of benzodiazepines include:4

  • alprazolam (Xanax)
  • clonazepam (Klonopin)
  • diazepam (Valium)
  • lorazepam (Ativan)

Benzodiazepine Side Effects

Benzodiazepines, like many other medications, may initiate unwanted side effects, most notably drowsiness and dizziness. People using benzodiazepines could experience a range of side effects, such as:3

  • Nausea
  • Blurred vision
  • Headache
  • Confusion
  • Fatigue and lack of energy
  • Weight gain
  • Nightmares

Others may feel unsteady, experience poor coordination, and note problems thinking or remembering from benzodiazepine use. People prescribed these drugs should always keep their prescriber updated regarding side effects, their intensity, and their duration.

Benzodiazepine Dependence & Safety Concerns

In a process called tolerance, someone using benzodiazepines may need higher doses of the drug to maintain the same benefit over time. Over time, the brain may become physically dependent on these medicines to feel well and function normally. Physical dependence may lead to addiction, where a person becomes obsessively focused on getting and using the medication.3,5

Dependence occurs even when the person is using the medication as recommended. Because of this, stopping the medication abruptly can trigger a series of withdrawal symptoms ranging from mildly uncomfortable, like higher anxiety and poor sleep, to seriously life-threatening, like seizures.6

Drug Interactions & Overdose

Benzodiazepines work by slowing the central nervous system (CNS) and, in turn, reducing breathing and cognitive function.10,11 When combined with other substances or medications that also slow the CNS, it can potentially cause an overdose. It can be dangerous to combine benzodiazepines with sedatives (such as certain medications for sleep), alcohol, and medications combined with opioids such as codeine as they can put you at risk for an overdose. Overdosing can be fatal if no treatment occurs, and can look like confusion, significant sleepiness, balance problems, weakness, lowered heart rate, difficulty breathing, and even passing out.10,11

The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) reports no major interactions with caffeine, although if too much is ingested (like more than 4 cups of coffee), it may keep the medication from reducing anxiety levels.

Benzodiazepine Risk Factors in Certain Populations

While benzodiazepines have medical benefits, they may not work for everyone and can be a significant risk to some groups of people. These groups of people generally include people who are pregnant or breastfeeding, people with addiction backgrounds, people who are under 18, and older adults.

If benzodiazepines are used close to a pregnant person’s delivery date, the baby may experience drowsiness and withdrawal issues, and small amounts of benzodiazepines can transfer to the baby during breastfeeding.10 Benzodiazepines are highly addictive and often closely monitored when prescribed.12 In addition, when combined with other street or non-prescription drugs, people are at risk for increased mental health symptoms, difficulty sleeping, and even overdose, if mixed with sedatives or opioids.10,11

It is not suggested for people under 18 to be prescribed benzodiazepines, unless it is for short-term medical issues.Older people are more sensitive to side effects of benzodiazepines, most likely because they have a slower metabolism so the benzodiazepine stays in the body longer. These side effects can include confusion and decreased muscle coordination, which poses significant risk to their physical health.10

Buspirone

Buspirone (also known by the brand name BuSpar) is another type of anti-anxiety medication unrelated to benzodiazepines. This drug seems to produce its wanted effects by interacting with both serotonin and another neurotransmitter called dopamine. It may be considered when a person requires long-term anxiety treatment.7

Buspirone is similar to antidepressants because it can take several weeks before someone starts to feel better, but because there is a lower risk of sedation, dependence, and withdrawal effects when compared to benzodiazepines, the drug can be an appropriate option. Since it cannot manage acute anxiety linked to panic attacks, buspirone is a better fit for chronic symptoms associated with generalized anxiety disorder.7

Side Effects of Buspirone

The side effects of buspirone may emerge shortly after treatment starts. Some possible buspirone side effects include:3

  • Dizziness and lightheadedness
  • Headaches
  • Nausea
  • Increased nervousness and worry
  • Feeling overly excitable
  • Sleep problems

Side effects may alleviate or worsen over time, so people should always consult with their treatment team.

Beta-Blockers

Beta-blockers, a group of medications that help to reduce symptoms of high blood pressure, can also help with anxiety symptoms. These medications work in the body by reducing the levels of epinephrine (adrenaline) in the body. Beta-blockers are helpful for anxiety symptoms because they cause the heart to beat more slowly and create a decrease in blood pressure. With fewer physical symptoms of anxiety, a person could experience increased feelings of calm.7

Examples of beta-blockers include:7

  • acebutolol (Sectral)
  • atenolol (Tenormin)
  • bisoprolol (Zebeta)
  • metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL)
  • nadolol (Corgard)
  • nebivolol (Bystolic)
  • propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran XL)

Clonidine (Catapres) is another medication designed for hypertension that is used with anxiety as well. Although this medication is not a beta-blocker, it has a similar effect on adrenaline in the body.7

Side Effects of Beta-Blockers

The side effects of beta-blockers match many unwanted effects of other medications with some troubling additions. Some possible beta-blocker side effects include:7

  • Cold hands or feet
  • Feeling tired and fatigued
  • Gaining weight
  • Lower mood and feeling depressed
  • Experiencing shortness of breath
  • Trouble sleeping

Other Anxiety Medications

Several other groups of medications, like antihistamines, MAOIs, tricyclic antidepressants, and atypical antidepressants, may also be used for anxiety disorders. Since these are not usually first line treatments, prescribers may use them only when other medications fail to deliver anxiety relief.

MAOIs

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are options when other medications for social phobia and panic disorder are unsuccessful. Some serious side effects like hypotension, weight gain, and sexual side effects are possible, so people should use these medications cautiously.8

Examples of MAOIs include:8

  • phenelzine (Nardil)
  • selegiline (Emsam)
  • tranylcypromine (Parnate)
  • isocarboxazid (Marplan)

MAOIs carry a black box warning, the most serious warning given by the FDA for increased risk of suicidal thoughts and actions. People under 25 are at an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and actions, especially in the first few weeks after starting or increasing an antidepressant. Prescribers, patients, and parents should be aware of the risks and communicate concerns.2

Atypical Antidepressants

Atypical antidepressants are not explicitly approved for anxiety treatment, but several medications from this class may be helpful. These drugs usually create change by interacting with norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain.8

Examples of atypical antidepressants include:8

  • trazodone (Desyrel)
  • mirtazapine (Remeron)

Atypical antidepressants carry a black box warning, the most serious warning given by the FDA for increased risk of suicidal thoughts and actions. People under 25 are at an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and actions, especially in the first few weeks after starting or increasing an antidepressant. Prescribers, patients, and parents should be aware of the risks and communicate concerns.2

Antihistamines

Physicians typically prescribe antihistamines to manage allergy symptoms. These medications can help anxiety by calming the brain in the short term.
Hydroxyzine (Atarax and Vistaril) works to reduce anxiety quickly but can lead to drowsiness and decreased alertness. Meclizine (Antivert) is commonly used for motion sickness, but the drug can reduce unwanted symptoms of a panic attack.9

Popular Choices For Online Psychiatry 

Talkiatry – In-network insurance with every major insurer. Free Assessment


Hims / Hers – Best For Affordability. Free Assessment


According to 18 Best Online Psychiatrists (updated on 8/5/2022), Choosing Therapy partners with leading mental health companies and is compensated for marketing by Talkiatry and Hims / Hers.

Medication Isn’t the Only Option for Treating Anxiety

While medication can be beneficial, it may not be right for everyone, and even if you do take medication for anxiety, it’s best to supplement with other treatment options and lifestyle changes as well. Other ways to treat and manage anxiety symptoms have been found to be effective for different people, including therapy, exercise, and natural remedies.

Therapy

Therapists often work with people on identifying their symptoms, potential connections and triggers, ways to process these feelings, and ways to cope with and manage anxiety symptoms. Anxiety therapy can be useful in learning skills that can be applied in the future, even after therapy is over, and to help identify needed skills and resources.

Exercise

Researchers have noted that general physical activity may decrease anxiety and stress-related symptoms.13 This can look like simply shaking your limbs, going on walks or runs (especially in nature!), yoga, and, according to research, high and moderate-intensity interval training (HIIT/MIIT).13 Starting out small can be helpful to see what works best for you.

Meditate

Meditation has become a popular coping skill that may decrease anxiety symptoms. Meditation creates an opportunity to clear your mind, to consider and challenge your perspective, and to calm yourself down.13 Meditation can also help you to identify physical indicators of anxiety. You can try meditation apps and videos that help with guided meditation to help you focus.

Natural Remedies

More natural resources have become available over time and are suggested to be helpful in treating anxiety. This can include using oils from nature (e.g. lavender, grapefruit, sage, etc.) that give off scents that can help people to feel calm, lower blood pressure, and even increase quality sleep. Natural resources can also include herbal supplements, like lavender and chamomile tea, CBD oil, and even epsom salt baths or floats. It is important to note which natural remedies are approved by the FDA to treat symptoms of anxiety and to always speak with your doctor before starting a natural supplement.

Avoiding Caffeine & Other Stimulants

Caffeine and other stimulants can influence and increase anxiety, especially the feeling of being shaky or jittery. It is suggested to reduce or limit caffeine use, alcohol use, and other stimulants, like certain drugs or nicotine.13

Deciding If Anxiety Medication Is Right for You

Finding the right anti-anxiety medication is sometimes challenging because different medications will create different effects in the people who use them. One medication that works exceptionally well for a friend or family member may not have the same positive effect on another person.

With the unpredictable nature of medications for anxiety, the process of starting a medication involves some trial and error. People may have to experiment with several unhelpful medications or endure medications with strong side effects before finding the best option for their symptoms.2

Thompson states, “To start, a thorough history and evaluation of a patient’s symptoms and medical health by a psychiatric specialist is the best way to insure that a patient is on the best possible medication for them. If they’ve tried medications in the past, an understanding of which medications have worked, which haven’t, and any prior side effects, is also very important to decide a treatment plan. As it can be hard to remember, having this medication history list in advance of an appointment can be very helpful for the provider to come up with a treatment plan so as to avoid medications that have already been tried in the past. Additionally, regular follow-up appointments to assess for side effects and symptom remission is important to ensure that the medication prescribed is an appropriate fit and dosage.”

Questions to Ask Yourself & a Mental Health Professional Before Beginning a New Anxiety Medication

It can be hard to decide if medication is right for you, especially if this is the first time you have considered taking it or reached out to a mental health professional. It may feel overwhelming since the idea of medication may be stigmatized for many people. There is no shame in reaching out to a medical provider to ask questions and it is suggested to find out what you can before you make that decision for yourself.

Questions you may want to ask yourself and a mental health professional include:

  • Am I comfortable with taking something every day or as needed?
  • Can I safely take medications with my work schedule and expectations?
  • What side effects will I experience as a result of this medication?
  • What side effects am I comfortable dealing with to see if this medication works for me?
  • What kind of routine or process is helpful with this medication? (i.e. taking the medication with or without food)
  • Is this medication the best fit for my symptoms?
  • Do I use substances that may impact this medication from being helpful for me?
  • If I feel the medication is not working or is harming me, how do I let you (the mental health professional) know this?

Questions to Ask Your Doctor

Anxiety medications are typically safe and effective, but an inappropriate medication or medication dose can result in serious and potentially life-threatening consequences. Additionally, women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should discuss which anxiety medications are safe to take in pregnancy with their OB/GYN or prescribing physician.

Before beginning a new medication for anxiety, consider asking your doctor or psychiatrist the following questions:2

  • Will this medication take away all anxiety and cure my condition?
  • What type of medication for anxiety is best for me and my goals?
  • What are the potential repercussions of this medication?
  • Will I have to take this medication forever or can I stop whenever I start feeling better?
  • Can I contact you or someone on your staff if medication side effects begin?
  • How do I end the use of this medication if the side effects become too problematic?
  • Do I need to use this medication everyday or only as needed? If the medication is “as needed,” how do I know when to take it?
  • Will taking this medication mean that I do not need therapy or counseling in the future?
  • Some people may feel confused or intimidated by the prospect of starting a new medication for anxiety, but everyone has the right to be actively involved in their treatment plan. If a prescriber seems disinterested or dismissive, it could be a sign that another prescriber would be a better fit.

Is It Alright to Stop My Dose When I Start Feeling Better?

According to Thompson, “It’s very common for patients to slowly start feeling better once the medication is working, which usually takes 3-6 weeks. Many patients make the mistake of then stopping medication, when they’re actually feeling better because the medication is working! It’s always better to have a conversation with the provider before changing or stopping the dose. This is so that an adequate assessment of benefits and side effects, along with a safe plan for tapering off the medication, can be determined.”

Tips for Taking Your Anxiety Medication Consistently

For medications to be at their peak efficacy, they need to be taken as prescribed. Not only will medications be less effective if they are not taken consistently, they could trigger dangerous symptoms to emerge.

Thompson suggests, “It’s always important to take medication as prescribed, namely, not skipping days as this can reduce the effective dose. And while many medications are relatively safe with alcohol in moderation, using any substances while on antianxiety medications can make it difficult to distinguish between the medication and substance with regard to benefits and side effects.”

If you have trouble remembering to take your medication, considering trying these tips:

  • Write down the medication schedule during your appointment: It may sound obvious, but too often, people do not keep track of their prescriptions in tangible ways. Without writing down the medication plan, a person has to constantly spend energy to reflect and recall the schedule discussed with the doctor.
  • Take advantage of technology: Phone alarms and timers paired with smart assistants’ tips and reminders can make remembering medication a breeze. Setting one or many of these options to take medication will take the guesswork out of the process.
  • Create a routine: Pairing medication with a behavior that you do every day can build a good habit. Take your medication before you brush your teeth, after your shower, during lunch, or after you get the kids on the bus to link these behaviors together.
  • Get an assistant: Ask a friend, coworker, or family member to help with your memory. It may seem uncomfortable to ask this of others, but remember, it won’t take long for the pattern to become part of the routine.
  • Check your symptoms: People that may be taking medications “as needed” have a unique task of remembering to take their pills before symptoms escalate too far. These people should consider making a list of their symptoms to refer to throughout the day. If symptoms begin worsening, it could be time to reach for the prescription bottle.

Additional Resources

Education is just the first step on our path to improved mental health and emotional wellness. To help our readers take the next step in their journey, Choosing Therapy has partnered with leaders in mental health and wellness. Choosing Therapy may be compensated for marketing by the companies mentioned below.

Virtual Psychiatry

Talkiatry – Get help from a real doctor that takes your insurance. Talkiatry offers medication management and online visits with top-rated psychiatrists. Take the online assessment and have your first appointment within a week. Free Assessment

Hims / Hers – If you’re living with anxiety or depression, finding the right medication match may make all the difference. Get FDA approved medication prescribed by your dedicated Hims / Hers Healthcare Provider and delivered right to your door. Plans start at $25 per month (first month). Get Started

Medication + Therapy

Brightside Health – Together, medication and therapy can help you feel like yourself, faster. Brightside Health treatment plans start at $95 per month. United Healthcare, Anthem, Cigna, and Aetna accepted. Following a free online evaluation and receiving a prescription, you can get FDA approved medications delivered to your door. Free Assessment

Choosing Therapy partners with leading mental health companies and is compensated for marketing by Brightside, Hims / Hers, and  Talkiatry.

For Further Reading

  • Medication-Assisted Treatment (“MAT”) For Opioid Use Disorder
  • MAT/MOUD Advocacy Toolkit – Legal Action Center
  • Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) – SAMHSAmedication-assisted-treatment
  • Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Before, During, and After
  • Addiction Statistics and Facts
  • Best Addiction Recovery Blogs
  • Best Sobriety Apps

For Further Reading

Anxiety is a complex condition that affects millions every day, but luckily excellent organizations are putting forth resources to understand and treat anxiety while informing the public about the group of disorders. With these efforts, anxiety treatments will continue to improve over time.

Some key organizations leading the way include:

  • Anxiety and Depression Association of America
  • National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI)
  • National Institute of Mental Health
  • 18 Best Online Psychiatrists
  • Hers Mental Health Review 2022
13 sources

Choosing Therapy strives to provide our readers with mental health content that is accurate and actionable. We have high standards for what can be cited within our articles. Acceptable sources include government agencies, universities and colleges, scholarly journals, industry and professional associations, and other high-integrity sources of mental health journalism. Learn more by reviewing our full editorial policy.

  • Anxiety and Depression Association of America. (n.d.). Facts and Statistics. Retrieved from https://adaa.org/about-adaa/press-room/facts-statistics

  • National Institute of Mental Health. (2018, July). Anxiety Disorders. Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml

  • National Institute of Mental Health. (2016, October). Mental Health Medications. Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/mental-health-medications/index.shtml

  • Anxiety and Depression Association of America. (n.d.). Medication. Retrieved from
    https://adaa.org/finding-help/treatment/medication

  • Gomex Angelina F. and Hofmann, Stefan G. (n.d.) SSRIs and Benzodiazepines for General Anxiety Disorders (GAD), Anxiety and Depression Association of America. Retrieved from https://adaa.org/learn-from-us/from-the-experts/blog-posts/consumer/ssris-and-benzodiazepines-general-anxiety

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA.

  • Mayo Clinic. (2019, August 16). Beta Blockers. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/beta-blockers/art-20044522

  • Bhatt, Nina V. (2019, March 27). Anxiety Disorders Medication, Medscape. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/286227-medication#showall

  • Meyer, Mary Leigh. (2019, May 29). Which Anti-Anxiety Medication is Right for Me? Vital Record: Texas A&M Health. Retrieved from https://vitalrecord.tamhsc.edu/which-anti-anxiety-medication-is-right-for-me/

  • Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. (2022). Anti-Anxiety Medications (Benzodiazepines). CAMH. Retrieved from https://www.camh.ca/en/health-info/mental-illness-and-addiction-index/anti-anxiety-medications-benzodiazepines

  • National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2022, April 21). Benzodiazepines and Opioids. Retrieved from https://nida.nih.gov/drug-topics/opioids/benzodiazepines-opioids

  • Johnson, L. L. P. (2000, April 1). Addiction: Part I. Benzodiazepines-Side Effects, Abuse Risk and Alternatives. American Family Physician. Retrieved from https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0401/p2121.html

  • Coelho, S. (2021, October 29). Feeling Anxious? 7 Coping Skills to Try. Psych Central. Retrieved from https://psychcentral.com/anxiety/coping-skills-for-anxiety

update history

We regularly update the articles on ChoosingTherapy.com to ensure we continue to reflect scientific consensus on the topics we cover, to incorporate new research into our articles, and to better answer our audience’s questions. When our content undergoes a significant revision, we summarize the changes that were made and the date on which they occurred. We also record the authors and medical reviewers who contributed to previous versions of the article. Read more about our editorial policies here.

  • Originally Published: September 2, 2020
    Original Author: Eric Patterson, LPC
    Original Reviewer: Dena Westphalen, PharmD

  • Updated: May 10, 2022
    Author: No Change
    Reviewer: No Change
    Primary Changes: Updated for readability and clarity. Reviewed and added relevant resources. Added “Drug Interactions & Overdose”, “Benzodiazepine Risk Factors in Certain Populations”, “Medication Isn’t the Only Option for Treating Anxiety”, and “Questions to Ask Yourself & a Mental Health Professional Before Beginning a New Anxiety Medication”. New material written by Renee Skedel, LPC and reviewed by Kristen Fuller, MD.

Recent Articles

School Anxiety: Symptoms, Causes, & How to Help
School Anxiety: Symptoms, Causes, & How to Help
There are many types of anxiety disorders that a child or teen may experience. However, school anxiety can be...
';
Panic Attacks In the Elderly_ Causes_ Getting Help_ _ X Ways To Cope
Panic Attacks in the Elderly: Causes, Getting Help, & 8 Ways to Cope
Life events such as increased health problems and grief can increase anxiety in older adults, sometimes leading to panic...
';
Time Anxiety: Symptoms, Causes, & Tips for Coping
Time Anxiety: Symptoms, Causes, & Tips for Coping
Time anxiety is characterized by feelings of overwhelm, nervousness, and fear about completing tasks or fulfilling life goals on...
';
Effexor (Venlafaxine)_ Drug Uses, Warnings, Dosage, & More
Effexor (Venlafaxine): Drug Uses, Warnings, Dosage, & More
Effexor is commonly prescribed for the treatment of depression, anxiety, and other mental health disorders. Taking the medication may...
';
How to Get a Paxil (Paroxetine) Prescription_ Everything You Need to Know
How to Get a Paxil (Paroxetine) Prescription: Everything You Need to Know
Paxil is a medication used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. Your doctor may prescribe this as a part...
';
How to Get a Celexa (Citalopram) Prescription_ Everything You Need to Know
How to Get a Celexa (Citalopram) Prescription: Everything You Need to Know
Celexa is a medication used to treat depression. It may be prescribed by a doctor depending on an individual’s...
';
Headshot of Eric Patterson, LPC
Written by:

Eric Patterson

LPC
Dena Westphalen, PharmD
Reviewed by:

Dena Westphalen

PharmD
  • About Treatment & Medication for AnxietyAnxiety Treatment
  • The Role of Medication for AnxietyMedication
  • Antidepressants for AnxietyAntidepressants
  • BenzodiazepinesBenzodiazepines
  • BuspironeBuspirone
  • Beta-BlockersBeta-Blockers
  • Other Anxiety MedicationsOther Options
  • Medication Isn’t the Only Option for Treating AnxietyOther Treatments
  • Deciding If Anxiety Medication Is Right for YouDeciding Medications
  • Is It Alright to Stop My Dose When I Start Feeling Better?When to Stop
  • Tips for Taking Your Anxiety Medication ConsistentlyTips
  • Additional ResourcesResources
If you are in need of immediate medical help:
Medical
Emergency
911
Suicide Hotline
800-273-8255
See more Crisis Hotlines
  • About Us
  • Contact Us
  • Write for Us
  • Careers
  • Editorial Policy
  • Advertising Policy
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
  • No Surprises Act
For immediate help call:
Medical Emergency:
911
Suicide Hotline:
988
Click For More Crisis Hotlines
For immediate help call:
Medical Emergency:
911
Suicide Hotline:
811
See more Crisis Hotlines
here
logo
This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information:
verify here.
This website is certified by Health On the Net Foundation. Click to verify.
Choosing Therapy Logo
We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. By clicking “Accept”, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. However, you may visit Cookie Settings to provide controlled consent. Cookie settings ACCEPT
Privacy & Cookies Policy

Privacy Overview

We use cookies to facilitate website functionality. Also, we use third-party cookies to track your website behavior and target advertising. These cookies are stored in your browser only with your consent, and you have the choice of opting out.
Necessary
Always Enabled

Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personal information.

Non Necessary

Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website.

Save & Accept