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Pro-Ana Websites: What They Are & Their Dangers

Published: July 2, 2021 Updated: July 13, 2022
Published: 07/02/2021 Updated: 07/13/2022
Headshot of Nicole Arzt, LMFT
Written by:

Nicole Arzt

LMFT
Headshot of Dena Westphalen, Pharm. D.
Reviewed by:

Dena Westphalen

Pharm. D.
  • What Is Pro-Ana?Definition
  • Harmful Impact of Pro-Ana & Pro-Mia SitesImpact
  • When to Get Help For Eating DisordersGet Help
  • Final Thoughts on Pro-Ana WebsitesConclusion
  • Additional ResourcesResources
Headshot of Nicole Arzt, LMFT
Written by:

Nicole Arzt

LMFT
Headshot of Dena Westphalen, Pharm. D.
Reviewed by:

Dena Westphalen

Pharm. D.

Pro-ana or pro-anorexia websites refer to online message boards, communities, blogs, and other resources that encourage disordered eating. Many times, these sites promote harmful behaviors by emphasizing thinness, restriction, and compensatory behaviors. People who participate in these communities reinforce that you don’t need treatment for struggling with an eating disorder; instead, they claim that you are better off staying sick.

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What Is Pro-Ana?

Pro-ana is a slang term that essentially encapsulates positivity towards anorexia and other eating disorders. People who believe the pro-ana mindset believe that eating disorders can be a chosen lifestyle. They assume that thinness correlates with perfection, love, and happiness. And often assume that they have control over their behavior. They don’t necessarily see their decisions as life-threatening and may praise themselves for having restraint.

Pro-ana content varies based on the audience, but it may consist of harmful dieting tips, using laxatives, compulsive exercise, and exhibiting hatred towards one body. Many users will label this content as “thinspiration,” and it can entail creative expression (poetry, essays, photos) meant to encourage choosing weight loss.1

This content may also constitute other life-threatening behaviors like hiding your disorder from loved ones or lying to your treatment team about your progress. Pro-ana can also correlate with issues related to self-harm or suicide, as many people who believe in the pro-ana mentality glamorize other forms of emotional distress.

You can find pro-ana content on message boards, personal blogs, social media platforms, and other online communities where like-minded individuals convene. In some cases, individuals specifically label the content as “triggering” to warn potential users about what to expect.

Eating Disorders & Social Media

Eating disorder culture has always been toxic, but the link between eating disorders and social media is especially concerning. Social media platforms like Instagram, TikTok, Snapchat, and YouTube make it easy to share pro-ana content to millions of people instantaneously. Users can share restrictive diet plans, “thinspirational” images, toxic quotes about starvation or thinness, and edit their photos to share a distorted goal.2

Pro-Ana Websites

Pro-ana websites discuss and encourage disordered eating through images, persuasive speech, and a codependent sense of community closeness. While the exact number of pro-ana resources is unknown, there may be upwards of hundreds of sites that fall within this category.

Pro-ana content may consist of:3

  • Dangerous tips for coping with hunger
  • Contents of near-starvation daily meal plans
  • Images of celebrities or other influencers who have their ideal bodies
  • Descriptions of other mental health concerns like self-harm or suicidal ideation
  • Tips for other weight-loss strategies (diet pills, laxatives, drugs, vomiting)
  • Suggestions for hiding or downplaying behaviors from others

Unlike recovery-based materials, pro-ana websites reinforce behaviors associated with mental illness. In many cases, they glamorize the eating disorder lifestyle. While many website owners seek to moderate content and remove triggering material, it’s impossible to erase the pro-ana mentality entirely.

Pro-Ana Social Media

Research shows that teenagers spend up to nine hours a day online.4 This constant exposure can have a tremendous impact on their self-esteem, emotional health, and quality of interpersonal relationships. Unfortunately, despite community guidelines, it’s easy to find pro-ana content online.

Some platforms work hard to remove triggering hashtags or redirect users to specific resources; however, the more the platforms try to crack down on pro-ana content, the more creative users become in circumventing the rules.

Pro-ana social media influencers and users may swap dieting tips, post their goal weights and progress towards these unachievable numbers, and attempt to “keep each other accountable” in calorie restricting, exercising, or otherwise engaging in disordered behavior.

Pro-Ana Foods & Diets

Pro-ana diets consist of minimal quantities and types of food. Plans might require users to eat fewer than a designated number of calories each day. They endorse drastic approaches such as cutting out entire food groups, fasting, or consuming only liquids. Despite the type of food or diet, the message is clear: eat as little as possible and restrain yourself if tempted.If you “cave,” pro-ana labels you as weak.

Harmful Impact of Pro-Ana & Pro-Mia Sites

These sites do not have any positive benefits. First, pro-ana and pro-mia (mia as in bulimia nervosa) content can be undoubtedly detrimental for vulnerable individuals struggling with eating disorders or eating disorder recovery. Moreover, such content also can impact people struggling with body dysmorphic disorder, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, or other mental health issues.

While eating disorders often manifest from different causes, this content may trigger or exacerbate problematic behavior. People can be incredibly impressionable, and pro-ana social media provides a sense of belonging and kinship, and they may find it within these toxic communities.
Pro-ana and pro-mia sites can cause problems with:

  • Self-esteem or concept of self-worth
  • Body image
  • Existing eating disorder symptoms
  • Physical well-being, particularly as it relates to weight loss, vomiting, or compulsive exercise
  • Real-life relationships
  • Concentration and focus (spending more time on these sites may take away time or energy spent on school, work, or other hobbies)
  • Depression
  • Anxiety
  • Suicidal thoughts

When to Get Help For Eating Disorders

Eating disorders are often insidious and notoriously difficult to treat. People may experience immense shame and take great lengths to conceal their habits in front of loved ones. Subsequently, they often fear the possibility of recovery and weight gain, making intervention more difficult.

Symptoms of Eating Disorders

Symptoms of eating disorders include:5

  • Extreme and worsening preoccupation with body size, shape, and weight loss
  • Obsession with food and fad diets
  • Skipping meals or eating overly small or large portions
  • Adopting specific food rituals that are not medically necessary
  • Ongoing concern with counting calories, macronutrients, or other metrics
  • Noticeable fluctuations in size or weight
  • Missing a period or only being able to menstruate on oral contraceptives
  • Experiencing gastrointestinal distress or other stomach problems
  • Low levels of iron, blood pressure, blood sugar, and other vital metrics
  • Sleep problems
  • Dental issues with cavities, tooth pains, or enamel erosion
  • Fine hair on the body
  • Evidence of vomiting, laxative abuse, diet pills
  • An ongoing obsession with “clean eating”
  • Exercising compulsively and beyond normal limits

Keep in mind that having one of these symptoms does not necessarily indicate the presence of an eating disorder. Individuals present with several issues at the same time. Likewise, the severity of these symptoms interferes with everyday functioning and emotional well-being.

How to Get Help for Eating Disorders

Eating disorders often worsen progressively, so early prevention and treatment can make a tremendous difference in aiding recovery. As a first step, if you are already meeting with a therapist, it’s beneficial to discuss any problematic behaviors with them directly. Even if this disclosure feels scary, it’s their job to listen and support you.

You should also contact your primary care physician (PCP) for a medical evaluation. Anorexia and bulimia can impact every part of the body, so your doctor can review your symptoms, provide an accurate diagnosis, and discuss the best treatment options. Effective eating disorder treatment tends to be multidisciplinary. Your treatment team may consist of various professionals, including a PCP, therapist, registered dietitian, case manager, and psychiatrist.

How to Find a Therapist

Good therapy can be one of the most influential components of your recovery. When choosing a therapist, make sure to look for someone who:

  • Has experience and specialty in working with eating disorders
  • Understands working within a multidisciplinary framework
  • Embraces concepts rooted in body positivity and anti-diet culture
  • Helps you feel safe, supported, and understood
  • Recognizes how eating disorders affect the entire family unit (especially if you are an adolescent or teenager)

Even once you find the right fit, it can still take time to build a meaningful relationship with your therapist. It’s crucial to be honest and forthcoming during your work. The more you allow yourself to open up, the greater your chances for healing.

Some therapists recommend family or group therapy in addition to individual work. Family therapy empowers each family member to recognize their part within the system. Group therapy offers a safe and supportive environment for you to learn new skills with others.

Final Thoughts on Pro-Ana Websites

If you are struggling with an eating disorder, it’s essential to reach out for support. You don’t have to suffer in silence or turn to harmful pro-ana communities for a toxic sense of support. Speaking to a trusted loved one or a qualified professional can make all the difference in improving your physical and mental health.

Additional Resources

Education is just the first step on our path to improved mental health and emotional wellness. To help our readers take the next step in their journey, Choosing Therapy has partnered with leaders in mental health and wellness. Choosing Therapy may be compensated for referrals by the companies mentioned below.

BetterHelp (Online Therapy) – BetterHelp has over 20,000 licensed therapists who provide convenient and affordable online therapy. BetterHelp starts at $60 per week. Complete a brief questionnaire and get matched with the right therapist for you. Get Started

Online-Therapy.com – Receive help from a mental health professional. The Online-Therapy.com standard plan includes a weekly 45 minute video session, unlimited text messaging between sessions, and self-guided activities like journaling. Recently, they added Yoga videos. Get Started

Brightside Health (Online Psychiatry) – If you’re struggling with mental illness, finding the right medication can make a difference. Brightside Health treatment plans start at $95 per month. Following a free online evaluation and receiving a prescription, you can get FDA approved medications delivered to your door. Free Assessment

Headspace (Meditation App) – Headspace is the leading mindfulness and meditation app with over 70 million members. Headspace offers guidance and exercises for all skill levels, including beginners. Free Trial

Choosing Therapy’s Directory – Find an experienced therapist who has your welling in mind. You can search for a therapist by specialty, availability, insurance, and affordability. Therapist profiles and introductory videos provide insight into the therapist’s personality so you find the right fit. Find a therapist today.

Choosing Therapy partners with leading mental health companies and is compensated for referrals by BetterHelp, Online-Therapy.com, Brightside, and Headspace

For Further Reading

  • 10 Best Eating Disorder Movies for 2022
  • Mental Health America
  • National Alliance on Mental Health
  • MentalHealth.gov
5 sources

Choosing Therapy strives to provide our readers with mental health content that is accurate and actionable. We have high standards for what can be cited within our articles. Acceptable sources include government agencies, universities and colleges, scholarly journals, industry and professional associations, and other high-integrity sources of mental health journalism. Learn more by reviewing our full editorial policy.

  • e-Ana and e-Mia: A Content Analysis of Pr-Eating Disorder Web Sites (2010). US National Library of Medicine. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2901299/.

  • How Perfect is the New Normal? The Impact of Social Media on Disordered Eating. (2019). Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. Retrieved from: https://policylab.chop.edu/blog/how-perfect-new-normal-impact-social-media-disordered-eating.

  • Pro-Ana Websites (2016). New York University. Retrieved from: https://nyu.connectwithkids.com/pro-ana-websites-2/.

  • Screen Time Guidelines for Teens. Kids Health. Retrieved from: https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/screentime-teens.html.

  • Warning Signs and Symptoms. National Eating Disorders Association. Retrieved from: https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/warning-signs-and-symptoms.

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Headshot of Nicole Arzt, LMFT
Written by:

Nicole Arzt

LMFT
Headshot of Dena Westphalen, Pharm. D.
Reviewed by:

Dena Westphalen

Pharm. D.
  • What Is Pro-Ana?Definition
  • Harmful Impact of Pro-Ana & Pro-Mia SitesImpact
  • When to Get Help For Eating DisordersGet Help
  • Final Thoughts on Pro-Ana WebsitesConclusion
  • Additional ResourcesResources
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