Semaglutide Side Effects: Common, Serious, & Long-Term

What Is Semaglutide & How Is it Used?

Semaglutide is FDA-approved and belongs to a class of drugs that helps manage blood sugar levels and can support weight loss.¹

Semaglutide is an FDA-approved medication found in three forms:²

• Ozempic: Ozempic is an injection or shot that can help lower blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes when combined with diet and exercise. It also can reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, or death in adults with type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
• Rybelsus: Rybelsus comes in tablet form and is for adults with type 2 diabetes. It can help lower blood sugar levels alongside diet and exercise.
• Wegovy: Wegovy is available as an injection. It can aid adults and kids aged 12 and above who have obesity or excess weight along with weight-related medical problems. It assists in losing weight and maintaining it through diet and exercise.

Serious Side Effects of Semaglutide

Serious side effects of semaglutide require immediate medical attention. These can include inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), which is shared across Ozempic, Rybelsus, and Wegovy, with symptoms of persistent abdominal pain. Gallbladder problems are associated with Wegovy, and an increased risk of low blood sugar is a concern, especially for patients with type 2 diabetes. If these symptoms arise, regardless of the brand you’re taking, seek medical assistance promptly.

Serious side effects of semaglutide include:¹

• Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)
• Gallbladder problems, including gallstones
• Increased risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), especially in patients with type 2 diabetes
• Jaundice (yellow skin)
• Kidney problems (kidney failure)
• Serious allergic reactions
• Change in vision in people with type 2 diabetes
• Increased heart rate
• Depression or thoughts of suicide

*All medications, including semaglutide, can cause side effects which can be mild or serious. This is not a comprehensive list of all possible side effects. You should talk with your doctor about any questions you have and to understand the potential side effects and benefits of any medication.

Common Side Effects of Semaglutide

Common side effects of semaglutide, which are commonly observed in both adults and children aged 12 and older, might encompass a range of symptoms. These could consist of sensations like nausea, abdominal pain, stomach pain, and headache, among other symptoms. It’s important to recognize that while these side effects are commonly observed, their intensity or persistence could necessitate medical attention to ensure the individual’s well-being.

Common side effects of semaglutide include:¹

• Nausea
• Abdominal pain
• Dizziness
• Stomach flu
• Diarrhea
• Headache
• Bloating
• Heartburn
• Vomiting
• Fatigue
• Belching
• Runny nose or sore throat
• Constipation
• Gas

*All medications, including semaglutide, can cause side effects that can be mild or serious. This is not a comprehensive list of all possible side effects. You should talk with your doctor about any questions you have and understand the potential side effects and benefits of any medication.

Who Should Not Take Semaglutide? Warnings & Precautions

Being mindful of who shouldn’t take semaglutide is really important for your safety. If you or your family had thyroid cancer. Also, tell your doctor about your health history, especially if you have issues with your pancreas or kidneys, diabetic eye problems, or mental health troubles. Keeping track of your medicines helps your doctor give you the best care.

Warnings and precautions for taking semaglutide include:¹

Changes to Your Face

A warning about semaglutide use involves watching out for changes in your face. If you notice any swelling, redness, or discomfort in your face, especially around your lips, tongue, or throat, it’s important to talk to your healthcare provider. These changes could be a sign of a serious allergic reaction that needs attention.

Fatigue

Another thing to be cautious about when taking semaglutide is feeling very tired or fatigued. If you find yourself unusually worn out, lacking energy, or feeling weak, it’s a good idea to let your healthcare provider know. This could be a side effect that needs attention to make sure you’re staying healthy while using the medication.

Rash or itching

One thing to be mindful of when using semaglutide is the possibility of getting a rash or feeling itchy. If you notice any unusual redness, bumps, or itching on your skin, especially if it’s severe or bothersome, it’s important to talk to your healthcare provider.

Pancreatic problems

It’s crucial to watch out for possible pancreatic issues while taking semaglutide. If you have stomach pain, talk to your healthcare provider. These symptoms could mean a pancreas problem that requires care.

Difficulty breathing

If you find it hard to breathe, are short of breath, or feel like you can’t catch your breath, it’s really important to let your healthcare provider know. This could be a sign of a serious issue that needs attention to make sure you’re safe and breathing comfortably.

Rapid heartbeat

Be mindful of a faster heartbeat when using semaglutide. It might make your heart beat faster even when you’re not active. Your healthcare provider will monitor your heart rate at your usual medical visits during semaglutide use. If you feel your heart racing or pounding in your chest and it lasts for a while, let your healthcare provider know.

Pregnant

If you’re pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it’s important to be cautious when it comes to semaglutide. Using this medication while pregnant could potentially harm your unborn baby. There’s a registry that keeps track of how semaglutide might affect pregnancies, so it’s a good idea to talk to your healthcare provider if you’re planning a pregnancy or if you become pregnant while using semaglutide.

History of diabetic retinopathy

If you’ve had diabetic retinopathy before, be cautious with semaglutide. Studies show it could lead to more eye problems in some people with type 2 diabetes. Quick improvements in blood sugar might briefly worsen diabetic retinopathy. It’s not clear how semaglutide affects this issue long-term. If you have a history of diabetic retinopathy, it’s best to keep a close eye on your eye health while using semaglutide.¹

Allergic Reactions to Semaglutide

Although rare, it’s important to be aware of possible allergic reactions to semaglutide. Serious allergic reactions might include swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, severe rash or itching, very rapid heartbeat, difficulty breathing or swallowing, and even fainting or feeling dizzy. If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s crucial to stop using semaglutide and seek medical help immediately.

Allergic reactions to semaglutide include:¹

• Swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat
• Severe rash or itching
• Very rapid heartbeat
• Problems breathing or swallowing
• Fainting or feeling dizzy

These reactions are rare but could be serious. If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to stop using semaglutide and seek medical help right away to ensure your safety.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) About Semaglutide Side Effects

You may have questions about semaglutide side effects. Here are answers to common queries regarding its potential effects on your health, including allergic reactions, stomach problems, heart rate changes, and more. Understanding these concerns helps you use semaglutide safely and effectively as part of your healthcare plan.

How Long Do Semaglutide Side Effects Last?

The duration of semaglutide side effects can vary. Typically, common side effects like nausea, stomach discomfort, or headache may appear early on and often improve within a few weeks as your body adjusts to the medication. However, individual experiences differ, and some effects might persist longer.

Serious side effects like allergic reactions or heart rate changes require immediate attention, and their duration depends on prompt medical intervention. Factors like your body’s response, dosage, and overall health can influence how long side effects last. If you have concerns about side effects, discussing them with your healthcare provider can offer clarity and guidance.

What Are the Long-term Side Effects of Semaglutide?

The long-term use of semaglutide for weight loss might lead to certain persistent effects. These could include a continued rapid heartbeat even when at rest, which should be monitored by your healthcare provider.

Dehydration, dizziness, rashes, itching, and facial swelling are also potential long-term symptoms to be cautious of. While some side effects might resolve with time, these long-term effects deserve attention and communication with your healthcare provider for proper management and guidance.

Can Semaglutide Interact with Other Medications?

Yes, semaglutide can interact with certain medications. When taken with insulin, there’s a higher risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). If you’re starting semaglutide, your healthcare provider might adjust the dose of these medications to lower the risk of hypoglycemia. Semaglutide can also slow stomach emptying, which might affect the absorption of other oral medications.¹

Sharing your updated medication list with your healthcare provider helps ensure safe and effective use.

What Should I Do If I Miss a Dose of Semaglutide?

If you forget to take your semaglutide dose, take it as soon as you remember on the same day. If you miss a day, don’t take extra. Just continue your regular dosing schedule. It’s important not to double up on doses. If you’re unsure about what to do, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

How to Manage Side Effects

Managing common side effects of semaglutide involves several steps. Nausea, stomach pain, and diarrhea might improve as your body gets used to the medication. Drinking enough fluids can help prevent dehydration associated with potential kidney problems. If you have any concerning symptoms or discomfort, it’s essential to communicate with your healthcare provider promptly to address them and ensure your well-being.

Fatigue

To manage fatigue while taking semaglutide, consider a balanced approach. Prioritize regular sleep, ensuring you’re well-rested. Engaging in physical activity, such as walking or light exercises, can help boost your energy levels. In fact, there are mental health benefits of exercise that might contribute to reducing fatigue. Exercise releases endorphins, which are natural mood enhancers.

However, always start slowly and consult your healthcare provider before making any significant changes to your routine. Additionally, maintaining a balanced diet and staying hydrated can further alleviate fatigue. If fatigue persists or worsens, it’s crucial to discuss it with your healthcare provider to explore potential causes and solutions.

Depression & Anxiety

In some cases, Wegovy use might lead to symptoms of depression or anxiety. If you experience symptoms of depression, such as persistent sadness or loss of interest, or symptoms of anxiety, like excessive worry or restlessness, it’s important to discuss these with your healthcare provider.

While these are potential side effects, they’re not experienced by everyone. If these symptoms become distressing, seeking support from a mental health professional, such as through psychotherapy, can be beneficial. Your healthcare provider can guide you on the best approach to manage these symptoms, ensuring your overall well-being while on Wegovy.

Gas

Experiencing gas can be a common side effect of semaglutide use. While it might be bothersome, it’s often temporary and can improve over time as your body adjusts. Making dietary adjustments, such as avoiding gas-inducing foods like beans or carbonated drinks, might help alleviate this discomfort.

Staying hydrated and maintaining a balanced diet with fiber-rich foods can also aid in digestion. If gas persists or becomes bothersome, discussing it with your healthcare provider can provide insight into potential solutions tailored to your individual situation.

Remember that side effects can vary for each individual, and this list may not cover every possibility. If you’re considering taking semaglutide, it’s crucial to have an open conversation with your healthcare provider. Your doctor’s guidance ensures that you’re fully aware of the risks and benefits before starting any new medication.

Questions to Ask Your Healthcare Provider About Semaglutide Side Effects

When considering semaglutide, it’s important to inquire about potential side effects. Ask your healthcare provider about common and serious side effects, how to manage them, and when to seek medical attention. Discuss any specific concerns you might have, especially if you’re prone to certain conditions like allergies or have a history of particular health issues

Questions to ask your care team about semaglutide side effects:

• How long might it take for me to adapt to semaglutide?
• Should I be concerned about interactions between semaglutide and other medications I’m taking?
• Are there specific precautions I should take if I have a history of certain medical conditions?
• What’s the recommended dosage to minimize the risk of side effects?
• What can I do to manage common side effects like nausea or stomach discomfort?
• Are there any foods, drinks, or activities I should avoid while taking semaglutide?
• How can I monitor for serious side effects like allergic reactions or changes in heart rate?
• Are there any specific symptoms that should prompt me to contact you immediately?
• Can you provide more information about the potential effects of semaglutide on my existing health conditions?
• Is there a way to distinguish between side effects and symptoms related to other issues?
• Can you recommend any lifestyle adjustments that might help mitigate side effects?
• Are there any resources or support groups you recommend for individuals using semaglutide?
• Are there any differences in side effects from Ozempic, Wegovy, or Rybelsus?
• Do side effects from brand-name semaglutide medications differ from side effects of compounded semaglutide?
• How do side effects of Trulicity compare to those of semaglutide medications?

In My Experience

In my experience, discussing the potential side effects of medications like semaglutide is a crucial step in informed healthcare decision-making. It’s natural to have questions and concerns, and that’s why open communication with your doctor is so important. Remember, everyone’s response to medications is unique, and having an honest conversation about your health history, existing conditions, and lifestyle can help tailor the treatment to your needs.

As a healthcare professional, I encourage you to share any worries or uncertainties with your care team. Seeking their guidance ensures that you’re well-prepared and well-supported on your journey with semaglutide. Their expertise and your active involvement can contribute to a positive treatment experience and improved well-being. Your well-being is a collaborative effort, and together, we can navigate the path to your optimal health.