Paxil (paroxetine) and Zoloft (sertraline) are classified as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These medications are prescribed for treating psychological conditions such as anxiety, depression, and other mental health conditions. People taking either medication may experience side effects ranging from mild to severe.
What is Paxil?
Paxil is a brand name that contains the active ingredient paroxetine and is an SSRI that is FDA-approved to treat depression, anxiety, and other mental disorders in adults 18 years and older.1 The effectiveness of SSRIs can be attributed to their ability to boost serotonin levels, a chemical already present in the brain. Paxil’s ability to do this contributes to an overall improvement in mood and a reduction in the symptoms of various mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, and others.
Paxil Uses
Paxil is a medication approved by the FDA for treating various conditions, including clinical depression and specific anxiety disorders. When the FDA approves a drug, it means that the data on the drug’s safety and the drug’s benefits outweigh its known and possible risks for the people it is meant for.
Paxil is FDA-approved as a treatment for the following disorders:
- Major depressive disorder (MDD)
- Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Panic disorder (PD)
- Social anxiety disorder (SAD)
- Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
What is Zoloft?
The antidepressant medication sertraline is known by its brand name, Zoloft.2 It is approved by the FDA to treat various conditions, including OCD and depression in adults, as well as OCD in children and adolescents between the ages of 6 and 17. It belongs to the category of antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). It works by raising the level of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain.
Zoloft Uses
The FDA has approved Zoloft for treating various medical conditions, including anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). When the FDA approves a medicine, the drug’s benefits outweigh any known or prospective risks.
Zoloft is FDA-approved as a treatment for the following disorders:
- Major depressive disorder (MDD)
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Panic disorder (PD)
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Social anxiety disorder (SAD)
- Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
How Are Zoloft & Paxil Similar?
Zoloft and Paxil are both antidepressant drugs. In particular, they are both selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The way SSRIs work is by increasing serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a chemical that sends messages from one brain cell to the next. Mood, fear, sleep, hunger, and sexual behavior are just some of the things that these signals regulate.
An increase in serotonin has mood-stabilizing properties and can help in the treatment for anxiety, depression, and other mood-related symptoms. Both of the medications come in brand and generic forms.
Always consult a trained physician or another qualified healthcare provider before starting depression medication, anxiety medication, or any other new drug so they can help you assess the advantages and disadvantages of using an antidepressant.
Similarities between Paxil & Zoloft include that they both:
- Are SSRI antidepressants
- Balance serotonin levels in the brain
- Available in brand and generic forms.
- Approved to treat major depressive disorder and other mental health conditions
Key Differences Between Paxil & Zoloft
Zoloft and Paxil are antidepressants but not interchangeable. Although both function similarly and are SSRIs, indications, dosage, and side effects differ.
The key differences between Paxil and Zoloft are:
Conditions Treated
Both Paxil and Zoloft are used to treat major depression. Paxil is also FDA-approved to treat depression, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, PTSD, and OCD. When given off-label*, paroxetine may also be used for treating irritable bowel syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder in children.
The FDA has given Zoloft approval to treat various conditions, including PTSD, OCD, depression, panic disorder, PMDD, and social anxiety disorder. Zoloft is sometimes used off-label* for treating migraines, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), fibromyalgia, premature ejaculation, diabetic neuropathy, and neurocardiogenic syncope.
*An off-label use of a medication is a use that is not FDA-approved. Prescribers can decide to use a medication off-label because, in their professional judgment, they believe it may benefit someone.
Standard Dosages & Forms
Paxil is available as tablets, a liquid suspension, and extended-release tablets. Your age, current state of health, and the severity of your symptoms will help your doctor decide which administration is most appropriate for you. The average daily dose of Paxil is 20 milligrams (mg), but your prescriber will work to determine the proper dose for you.
Zoloft is available in tablet and liquid form. They determine the dosage by the indication for which the treatment is being administered; however, prescribers may typically begin treatment with a daily dosage of 50 milligrams (mg), and after a few months of use, they may either increase or decrease the dosage based on how effective it is or side effects.
Side Effects
The side effects of taking Paxil are often not severe, but they can become so depending on how the drug reacts to an individual’s system, age, and general health state. Symptoms such as nausea, sleepiness, dizziness, difficulty sleeping, lack of appetite, weakness, dry mouth, sweating, blurred vision, and yawning are all common side effects of this medication.
Patients using Zoloft can experience nausea, dizziness, fatigue, dry mouth, loss of appetite, increased perspiration, diarrhea, upset stomach, or difficulty sleeping. Although most people who take this medicine do not report experiencing any severe adverse effects, notify your doctor or pharmacist as soon as possible if any of these side effects continue or worsen.
This is not a comprehensive list of possible mild or serious side effects. You should talk with your prescriber and pharmacist about any potential side effects from either medication.
The table below summarizes the key differences between Paxil versus Zoloft:
| Key Components | Zoloft | Paxil |
|---|---|---|
| What is the generic name? | Sertraline | Paroxetine |
| What forms does it come in? | Tablets Oral Solution | Tablets Extended-release tablets Oral Suspension |
| What are the typical dosages? | 50-200mg daily, depending on the response to treatment. | 10-60mg daily, depending on the response to treatment. |
| Who is approved to take it? | Adults | Adults, and children for OCD |
What Are Zoloft vs Paxil Used to Treat?
Paxil and Zoloft have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat various mental health conditions, including major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and social anxiety disorder.3
Off-label uses of the medication Zoloft include the prevention of neuropathic pain and the treatment of migraines. When given “off-label,” Paxil may also be beneficial for treating irritable bowel syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder in children.
An off-label use of a medication is a use that is not FDA-approved. Prescribers can decide to use a medication off-label because, in their professional judgment, they believe it may benefit someone. According to the regulatory body, FDA approval means the medicine’s benefits outweigh the recognized risks for the intended usage.
The table below compares the medical and mental health conditions Paxil and Zoloft are used to treat:
| Condition | Paxil | Zoloft |
|---|---|---|
| Depression | Yes, FDA-approved | Yes, FDA-approved |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) | Yes, FDA-approved | Yes, FDA-approved |
| Panic disorder | Yes, FDA-approved | Yes, FDA-approved |
| Social anxiety disorder | Yes, FDA-approved | Yes, FDA-approved |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | Yes, FDA-approved | Off-Label |
| PTSD | Yes, FDA-approved | Yes, FDA-approved |
| PMDD | No | Yes, FDA-approved |
Side Effects of Zoloft & Paxil
While most users tolerate Zoloft well, within the first week or two, nausea, headaches, lethargy, and constipation are typical side effects. As your body adjusts to the drug, these side effects should disappear. Call your doctor or 911 if you develop any significant side effects or if your side effects persist after a few weeks or if they are bothersome.
When the body gets used to the medication, most Paxil side effects, including nausea, headaches, and dizziness, usually disappear in two to four weeks. If symptoms persist or are severe, speak with your doctor.
The table below compares the possible side effects of each medication:4
| Side Effects | Paxil | Paxil |
|---|---|---|
| Nausea | Yes | Yes |
| Drowsiness | Yes | Yes |
| Headache | Yes | Yes |
| Sweating | Yes | Yes |
| Dry mouth | Yes, | Yes, |
| Constipation | Yes | Yes |
| Diarrhea | Yes | Yes |
| Dizziness | Yes | Yes |
| Insomnia | Yes | Yes |
| Tremor | Yes | Yes |
Severe Side Effects & Allergic Reactions of Paxil & Zoloft
Rarely does Zoloft or Paxil cause a severe allergic reaction, but it is still possible.5 If you experience significant adverse reaction symptoms, such as a rash, itching, or swelling (particularly of the face, tongue, or throat), severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately. Paxil’s most severe side effects include weakness, dry mouth, nausea, drowsiness, and headache. Nausea, dry mouth, diarrhea, and insomnia are Zoloft’s severe side effects that are most frequently reported. If you experience these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately or call 911.
Severe side effects that may occur from taking Paxil include:
- Tremors
- Fast/irregular heartbeat
- Seizures
- Difficulty with breathing
- Skin rash
- Confusion
Severe side effects that may occur from taking Zoloft include:
- Hallucinations
- Severe muscle stiffness
- Confusion or memory problems
- Convulsions
- Aggressive reactions
Warnings & Precautions for Paxil & Zoloft
When you first begin taking them, antidepressants like Paxil and Zoloft might induce side effects such as sleepiness, dizziness, and blurred vision. If you have these symptoms, you should avoid driving and any activity involving tools and machines.
Risks to consider when taking Paxil and Zoloft include:
- Increased risk of suicidal thoughts and actions in certain people: Both Paxil and Zoloft carry a black box warning, the most serious warning from the FDA, for an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and actions in children and young adults.
- Interactions with alcohol: Your judgment, coordination, motor abilities, and response time may be more negatively impacted by antidepressants and alcohol than alcohol alone.
- Use while pregnant or breastfeeding: Using antidepressants to treat depression during pregnancy may cause premature birth and mother’s weight fluctuations. The use of Paxil may slightly raise the risk of fetal heart defects, which is typically not advised during pregnancy.
- Antidepressant withdrawal: After taking antidepressant medication with some consistency for at least one month, patients who suddenly stop taking it or drastically cut their dosage get antidepressant withdrawal syndrome.
- Serotonin syndrome: Serotonin syndrome is a rare but potentially dangerous symptom of SSRIs. When levels of the brain chemical serotonin rise too high, serotonin syndrome may develop.
Potential Drug Interactions With Paxil & Zoloft
Combining Paxil or Zoloft with other medications can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome or other interactions.6 Serotonin syndrome is a rare but severe condition that can cause confusion, hallucinations, seizures, extreme blood pressure changes, an elevated heart rate, fever, excessive sweating, shivering or shaking, and blurred vision.
Disclaimer: Taking certain medications, herbs, or supplements alongside Paxil and Zoloft can change how these medications work in your body or increase the risk of severe side effects. This article does not consider all the possible interactions. Please let your doctor, psychiatrists, and pharmacists know about all the products you currently use, such as prescription medication, nonprescription drugs, and herbal supplements. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.
Medications and substances that have harmful interactions with Paxil and Zoloft include:
| Complicating Interactions | Paxil | Zoloft |
|---|---|---|
| Blood Thinners | X | X |
| NSAIDs | X | X |
| Antipsychotic | X | X |
| SNRIs | X | X |
| Anticonvulsants | X | X |
| Tricyclic antidepressants | X | X |
Zoloft Vs Paxil: Key Pros & Cons
Although Paxil effectively treats depression and anxiety, it may have more unfavorable side effects than comparable medications. Paxil enhances mood and aids in relaxation. Zoloft is effective for treating depression and anxiety; however, it can interact with various drugs.
Pros & Cons of Zoloft
One of the SSRIs that is the most effective and has the fewest adverse effects is Zoloft. Compared to other antidepressants, Zoloft produces significantly less drowsiness in its users. It is one of the antidepressants that may be used cautiously during pregnancy.
The total effect of Zoloft may not become apparent for up to eight weeks after starting treatment. A broad list of drugs is known to interact negatively with Zoloft. Compared to other drugs in the same class, Zoloft is more likely to induce gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea.
Pros & Cons of Paxil
Oral tablets and liquid Paxil are the two delivery methods accessible to patients. Anxiety and depression can be effectively treated with this medication. This medication only needs to be taken once every 24 hours. It is as effective whether it is taken with or without food.
It may take up to eight weeks before the effects of Paxil become fully apparent. Several drugs can interact negatively with Paxil. Compared to other SSRIs, it is more likely to cause undesirable side effects such as increased weight, drowsiness, and sexual dysfunction. Symptoms of Paxil withdrawal may occur if the medication is stopped abruptly.
Which Is Right for You: Paxil or Zoloft?
Both Paxil and Zoloft are SSRI antidepressants. They are used to treat sadness and anxiety. Even though the two drugs have much in common, their side effects, dosages, and interactions may make one safe and the other dangerous. Because of this, you should always talk to a doctor before taking Paxil, Zoloft, or any other SSRI.
Self-medication could cause several dangerous and possibly fatal side effects. You may need to consider online psychiatry services if seeing a doctor in person is not feasible. They can help you consider the benefits and risks of each medication.
How to Get a Prescription for Paxil or Zoloft
It is necessary to visit a healthcare provider, such as a doctor or prescribing therapist, to get an antidepressant such as Zoloft or Paxil. The healthcare provider will evaluate your symptoms and medical history to determine whether or not the antidepressants are appropriate for you. Your healthcare provider can also assist you in understanding the potential risks and benefits of the medication.
Questions to Ask Your Health Team About Paxil & Zoloft
Before taking Paxil or Zoloft, consult your doctor to see whether or not the medicine is right for you. If it is not, they can suggest a safe substitute.
Questions to ask your prescriber about Paxil and Zoloft include:
- Is it safe to take Paxil or Zoloft with my other medications?
- Will Paxil or Zoloft be covered by my insurance?
- Which one has the best results as a treatment for depression?
- Does my medical history increase my risk of side effects for either?
- How long can I expect side effects to last?
- Which one is the best for my treatment of anxiety?
- How often should I see you for checkups while taking Paxil or Zoloft?
- What should I do if I am unsure if psychotropics are right for me?
- What are the best online psychiatry options to get a prescription?
In My Experience
Zoloft (sertraline) and Paxil (paroxetine) are SSRI medications that people can use to treat various psychiatric problems. In my experience, these medications often go hand-in-hand with therapy. They are typically well tolerated despite the possibility of significant side effects like serotonin syndrome. Whether they are an effective treatment for your depression, anxiety, or other mental health disorders must be discussed with your doctor.
