A grandparent’s death has ripple effects on the family members who have had a relationship with them. For younger family members, it may be the first time they experience death. People can navigate through grief and bereavement by acknowledging these feelings, seeking comfort from loved ones, and working with a therapist.
How You Might Feel After Losing a Grandparent
Feelings of loss, sadness, helplessness, and anger can be overwhelming in the midst of grief after losing a grandparent.1 The five stages of grief include denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance, but many experts believe these stages don’t proceed in a linear fashion.
Losing a Grandparent as a Child
Young children have little or no understanding of death and what it means due to their limited life experiences. As such, they grieve differently than adults. When it comes to discussing death with a child who has lost a grandparent, using age appropriate language is key. A child whose grandma or grandpa died can experience a wide array of feelings.
These feelings and behaviors include:
- Worry that they’ve done something to cause the death
- Crying one moment and playing the next
- Anger at the person who has died (or someone else entirely)2
- Isolation
- Clinging to a loved one
- Nightmares, interrupted sleep, or a fear of the dark
- Not understanding how to release their emotions
- Aggression towards people they are close with
- Acting in an uncharacteristic way
- Fear, surprise, or confusion, as influenced by the behavior and reactions of the adults closest to them
“If a child is old enough to love they are old enough to grieve. Often children are ‘forgotten grievers’ either parents assume they are too young to grieve, don’t know how to explain death or are full of grief themselves and don’t notice the grief of their own child,” says Dr. Sally Karioth, certified traumatologist and professor at Florida State University.11
Loss of a Grandparent Later in Life
Sometimes, people will minimize the magnitude of an adult’s loss because the grandparent has lived a longer life. The intensity and length of the grief can be directly related to the nature of the relationship between grandparent and adult child and the frequency of their contact. Some grandparents may have assumed more of a parental role, intensifying the loss.
If you lose a grandparent later in life, these feelings and behaviors may emerge:
- Guilt over not spending enough time with your grandparents or not having the opportunity to say everything you wanted to before their death
- Being overcome by shock and confusion, leading to prolonged periods of sadness and depression that typically diminishes as time passes3
- Becoming more preoccupied with death and dying
- Swinging dramatically and swiftly from one feeling to another
- Avoidance of reminders of the deceased alternating with deliberate cultivation of memories4
- Emotions like depression and sadness growing and diminishing in different phases of the grief process
- Hopelessness and helplessness
A grandparent’s death has ripple effects on the family members who have had a relationship with them. For younger family members, it may be the first time they experience death. People can navigate through grief and bereavement by acknowledging these feelings, seeking comfort from loved ones, and working with a therapist.
11 Ways to Cope With the Loss of a Grandparent
Many actions can be taken to help navigate grief. It’s important to understand that the feelings outlined above are not unusual or abnormal. If they linger or cause you to feel overwhelmed, seek additional counseling and rely on other support mechanisms.
Here are eleven strategies to help cope and begin the healing process:
- Share your grief with other family members: When we share our sadness, fears, and joyful memories, we are ultimately able to give and receive more support.5
- Attend a funeral and/or create a ceremony: Honor and share favorite memories, photos, and stories about your grandparent.
- Give yourself time to grieve: Focus on honoring your grandparent’s life before processing the inevitable changes to your family structure. To help ease the anniversary effect, plan something special to do on the grandparent’s death anniversary.
- Ask for a memento: When you discover something meaningful to you, ask family members if you can keep it as a cherished memory.6
- Consult a therapist who specializes in grief and loss: Find a therapist in a directory.
- Practice self-care: Pay attention to eating and sleeping habits and practice positive self-care habits.
- Manage grief with religion or spirituality: Beliefs may help by lending larger meaning and to a loved one’s life and death.7
- Avoid self-destructive behaviors: Don’t turn to drugs and alcohol as coping mechanisms. Alcohol can function as a depressant that hinders brain and central nervous system function, making it harder to effectively process and understand emotions.
- Attend a grief support group: It’s helpful to talk with others who have experienced death and loss. Their support and mutual understanding can be a source of comfort.
- Journaling: Grief journaling helps people articulate their feelings in a safe, protected environment. Some people find that writing letters to loved ones who have died is also a source of comfort, closeness, and closure.
- If another grandparent is alive, spend time with them: If they’re the spouse of the person who has died, exchange memories and stories.
How to Help a Child Grieve the Loss of a Grandparent
There are differences between how children and adults experience grief. Because these emotions may be expressed as angry outbursts or misbehavior, they may not be recognized as grief-related. Furthermore, because their needs to be cared for and related to are intense and immediate, children typically move from grief reactions to a prompt search for (and acceptance of) replacement persons.8
“The most important way to help your child cope is to show your emotions. We often think that we need to protect children and hide our emotions. However, it is important that you allow your children to see you crying because when we show our emotions, we are normalizing emotional expression,” says Dr. Elena Merenda, Assistant Program Head of Early Childhood Studies at University of Guelph-Humber & Director of Children’s Healing Studio.12
It is also important to talk about death. Use simple, clear words like ‘death’ and ‘died,’ rather than ‘passed’ or ‘lost.’ You should also be clear in what caused the death. Instead of saying, ‘Grandma was sick and died’ you want to be clear in saying, ‘Grandma had cancer and died.'”
Young Children
Younger grandchildren don’t understand what death means and are not emotionally or intellectually prepared to deal with it. Avoid euphemisms like grandpa is “asleep” or “passed away.” That can be confusing and scary.
Researcher Kim Noon recommends that “when discussing death, it is essential to use a reassuring tone, share personal experience, and be honest in order to ease anxiety and confusion.”9 Watch for signs of behavioral changes like bedwetting or fears of being alone.
Dr. Karioth also explains, “Often children worry or become anxious when parents act differently such as weeping or sighing or changing routines, and it is important to explain that these behaviors are normal when we lose people we love. It is important to make sure to tell them they don’t have to keep their feelings to themselves to try and protect their parent. Talk about the grandparent who has died, look at pictures, tell funny stories, help the child make a monument of good memories, letting them know no subject is taboo.”11
Middle School Aged Children
For this age group, answer the child’s questions honestly and directly using age appropriate answers and the word “death.” Let them know it’s OK to feel sad or scared. Ask them what questions they have. They will look to trusted adults for cues about how to respond. Check back after the initial conversation to see how they’re feeling and what additional information and support they need.
Teenage Children
Teenagers are more aware and understand that something bad has happened by watching adult behavior. Being honest and direct is recommended. Don’t give too many details unless the teen specifically asks. Allow them time to take in the information and check back with them to see how they feel and what other information they need.
Prepare them for a funeral, religious service, or memorial by telling them what will happen and who will attend. Articulate to them how it might feel.
How Should Religion Play Into Your Conversations?
If you and your family are religious, talking about an afterlife can be an important way to help your child grieve.
Dr. Merenda mentions, “If your family practices a religion and you have beliefs about an afterlife that you want to instill in your child, it is important to include religion in your discussions. Along with your medical explanation of death, you can include discussions about the soul and what happens to the soul once it leaves the body. Whether you believe in Heaven or reincarnation, it is important that you share this with your child. Often discussions about an afterlife will bring children hope because it provides an opportunity to stay connected with that loved one and the possibility of being together again.”12
Dr. Karioth notes, “If religion was a part of the child’s life and they had already been introduced to the concept of an after life then religion can be very comforting if it is presented in positive terms (i.e. ‘you will be able to see Grandpa again some day’). But this is not true if presented in a negative light (i.e. ‘Death is God’s punishment’). This is an area where it is important to take into account idiosyncratic teachings and ethnic responses to grief and loss. Children may have a stronger sense of spirituality than expected and the way in which they evaluate future life events. Mostly it is important not to force something on them that is not part of their belief structure.”11
Should a Child Attend the Funeral?
Funeral services are an important part of grieving and celebrating someone’s life. It can bring a sense of closure for anyone, including grandchildren.
Dr. Karioth encourages, “This question has been pretty much been settled among grief experts. Generally if a child wants to go to a funeral they should be allowed but never forced. Start by examining what they understand about death. What is most important is how the child is prepared in advance. Knowledge is power. They need to know grandpa won’t look the same or smell the same, explain how the room will look, that people will be both laughing and crying. If much younger than 4 or 5 it may not be preferred to bring them unless someone knows before time that they are responsible for taking the little one out if they become fussy. Generally look at how mature they are instead of just their age.
Children should be involved in the funeral planning if they want. They may want to put a favorite toy or picture in the casket. As an added note, you can have done everything right in preparing a child for a funeral and children may still plead to the parents not to die, especially now that they know that it is a possibility. Just follow your instincts but don’t’ make the decision for them, let them make the decision and if they don’t want to go take time to examine with them why not.”11
When Grief Turns Into Depression
When a loved one dies, it’s normal to anticipate a period of bereavement and grief. A major difference between grief and depression is that people suffering from major depression tend to be isolated and feel disconnected from others and may turn away or shun support and assistance.10 Those with a history of depression may have a recurrence with the death of a loved one.
Final Thoughts
Grieving the death of a grandparent is a process that takes time. It is important for children and adults receiving news of this death to be in a place where they feel loved. Tapping into therapy, grief counselors, or reaching out to family, support groups, and friends will help to begin the necessary work to face grief and initiate healing.
Infographics About Coping After Losing a Grandparent
