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Parent Coaching: How It Works, What It Costs, & What to Expect

Published: March 31, 2021 Updated: July 20, 2022
Published: 03/31/2021 Updated: 07/20/2022
Headshot of Julia Chamberlain, MS, INHC, LMHC
Written by:

Julia M. Chamberlain

MS, INHC, LMHC
Headshot of Benjamin Troy, MD
Reviewed by:

Benjamin Troy

MD
  • What Is Parent Coaching?Definition
  • What Can Parent Coaching Help With?What It Helps
  • Parent Coaching Techniques & ModelsModels
  • Parent Coaching ExamplesExamples
  • Cost of a Parenting CoachCost
  • How to Find a Parent CoachFind
  • What to Expect at Your First Session1st Session
  • Is Parent Coaching Effective?Effectiveness
  • How Is Parent Coaching Different Than Other Counseling Options?Differences
  • Final Thoughts On Parent CoachingConclusion
  • Additional ResourcesResources
Headshot of Julia Chamberlain, MS, INHC, LMHC
Written by:

Julia M. Chamberlain

MS, INHC, LMHC
Headshot of Benjamin Troy, MD
Reviewed by:

Benjamin Troy

MD

Parent coaching is when one or both parents (or any primary caregiver) meet with a professional coach in an effort to foster goal achievement related to parenting. In this non-judgmental setting, the coach can use psychoeducation and evidence-based strategy to navigate familial issues related to children. It is beneficial to parents who need assistance to increase family functioning and improve communication.1,2,3,4

BetterHelp has over 20,000 licensed therapists who provide convenient and affordable online therapy. BetterHelp starts at $60 per week. Complete a brief questionnaire and get matched with the right therapist for you.

Choosing Therapy partners with leading mental health companies and is compensated for referrals by BetterHelp

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What Is Parent Coaching?

Parent coaching is useful for any parent, step-parent, or caregiver who needs support to navigate their child’s specialized mental health and developmental needs.5 It can occur in-person, online, or over the phone, including one or both parents (separately or together). During a session, the professional coach provides psychoeducation about the child’s needs and/or diagnosis, offers strategies and support, and fosters communication and coping skills.4,5

Parent coaching is directive and brief with mutually agreed upon goals. In some cases, the coach can connect parents with support groups or resources for long-term assistance. In general, this form of coaching carries an implicit larger goal of re-establishing positive family relationships achieved through the application of smaller goals like improving communication, providing psychoeducation, improving parenting strategies, fostering confidence and self-efficacy, developing solution-focused thinking, and improving metacognitive skills.6

What Can Parent Coaching Help With?

Parent coaching can help with a multitude of issues including transitions and changes. If support is being offered in a therapy setting as part of the child’s treatment plan, it will be more of a consultation—brief and diagnosis oriented. If paid for privately, goals can be broad, more person-centered, and slightly more long-term.4,5,6,7

Parent coaching can help with:

  • Transition issues (marriage, death, adoption, etc.) or familial changes
  • General behavioral issues
  • Learning issues such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia
  • Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
  • Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct problems
  • Reactive attachment disorder (RAD)
  • Suicidal ideation, attempt, or recent hospitalization for a mental health event
  • Eating disorders
  • Adolescent substance abuse
  • Parent in recovery
  • LGBTQ support
  • Trauma, survivors of abuse/domestic violence
  • Acculturation stress
  • Facilitating difficult conversations with your child, like adoption, sex, etc.
  • New parents
  • Screen time issues
  • Adaptive communication

When families are dealing with systemic issues it is important to seek a more appropriate therapeutic approach such as family systems therapy. Similarly, if couples are having issues navigating their marriage or parallel parenting, it is important that they seek a family mediator or couples counselor depending on their goals.

Parent Coaching Techniques & Models

Some of the most well-known models of parent coaching include the Hanen Centre model, the Gestalt parent coaching model, and the Parent Coaching Institute model (PCI).7,13,14 Other models include parent management training (PMT), parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT), positive parenting program (PPP), and behavioral and emotional skill training (BEST).15 Any parent interested in learning more should consult a field professional.

Hanen Centre Model

The Hanen centre model is clinically-based and places an emphasis on the importance of familial and parental engagement in efforts of perpetuating ultimate success. It has identified the most effective components of parent coaching and compiled them into a four step model.14

These four steps include:

  • Prepare the parent to learn: The professional introduces new material to the parent and may provide additional resources for preliminary familiarization.14
  • Show and describe the new strategy: The professional introduces the intervention or strategy to the parent. They will also discuss and model the benefits.14
  • Support the parent: The professional offers positive encouragement, feedback, and support to promote optimal engagement and success.
  • Collaborate with the parent to plan next steps: The professional works with the family to devise a plan for generalization of the strategies in their everyday life.

Gestalt Parent Coaching (GPC) Model

The Gestalt parent coaching (GPC) model is rooted in Gestalt therapy, an approach developed in the 1940s – 1950s. It relies on the principals of the client’s current experience, the therapeutic alliance, and social and environmental factors that influence the individual’s behavior and ability to self-regulate. The GPC model helps parents become major influencers of positive change, providing a safe space to explore and change maladaptive behaviors and improve the overall function of the family.13

Parent Coaching Institute (PCI) Model

The Parent Coaching Institute (PCI) was founded in 2000 by Gloria DeGaetano whose mission is to empower parents to make decisions in support of their children’s cognitive, social, and emotional development. She devised a 4-component model as part of her educational curriculum for parent coaches.7

This four-part model includes:

  • Parenting as a living system: Parents and children are viewed as changing and growing beings with different strengths and capacities that shape their relationships. Understanding these relationships within the living system is the key to positive change.7
  • The functional ecology of parenting: Understanding parental decision-making within their socio-economic and ecological system.7
  • Brain-compatible parenting: Coaching with the understanding that each individual develops with unique needs and on their own timeline.7
  • Appreciative inquiry: Utilizing strengths-based language and instilling hope and positivity in parents and families.7

Parent Coaching Examples

Parent coaching is particularly effective when working with neurodevelopmental disorders (autism, ADD, ADHD), eating disorders, and behavioral issues, including ODD and conduct problems.4,5,6,7,11,14 In general, it’s a valuable tool for parents who “don’t know where to begin.”

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Parent coaching helps parents identify support groups and navigate school accommodations or individualized education plans (IEPs). Coaches can also answer questions about psychoeducation and how neurodevelopmental differences impact learning, relationship-building, and problem-solving. Parents gain knowledge about dealing with the symptoms associated with these conditions such as sensory preferences, overstimulation, lack of focus, hyperactivity, hyperfixation, and social-emotional issues.4,5,6,7,14

Eating Disorders

Parent coaching is considered an essential part of eating disorder treatment among youth and adolescents as it provides psychoeducation about the origin of the behavior.16 Additionally, training parents to adopt appropriate emotional understanding of comorbid factors such as emotional imbalance, low self-esteem, self image issues, and maladaptive coping is helpful to promote an adaptive response.16

Cost of a Parenting Coach

The average price for a parent coaching session is $100.00, but it can go as low as $50.00 or as high as $300.00 when paying out of pocket.17 Because it can be performed by a variety of providers, cost varies. Many individuals don’t identify parent coaching as part of the therapeutic process; therefore, they can’t consider it “‘therapy,” which raises costs.2,17 Depending on insurance, other providers will offer parent coaching under the umbrella of parent consultation.1,3

How to Find a Parent Coach

Any parent interested in parent coaching should do research online, consult with their providers, and contact their insurance company to assess their options based on needs. You can also use an online directory like Choosing Therapy to find a parent coach, just like you would a therapist, and look for references to the models listed above in their profile.

What to Expect at Your First Session

Depending on insurance, parent coaching sessions can last anywhere between 15-60 minutes. Typically, you will discuss parent strategies, adaptive communication, psychoeducation, intervention, and support.1 Parents who choose to hire a specific parent coach will spend the initial session gathering information and goal-setting based on family needs.2,4,5

Additional providers such as parent partners and parent aids are considered supplemental clinical services and require the clinician to create a goal in the existing treatment plan.1 Initial sessions with these types of providers will be based around making a plan to achieve the identified goal.1

Is Parent Coaching Effective?

Multiple studies determine that parent coaching has a positive influence in the efficacy of treatment outcomes for children, especially in relation to autism spectrum diagnosis, eating disorders, and conduct issues.2,4,5,6,8,11,16,18 From a systemic lens, any parent who wishes to learn helpful strategies to support their child could benefit from parent coaching.13

How Is Parent Coaching Different Than Other Counseling Options?

Parent coaching is streamlined to focus on one specific goal within the treatment plan. As a stand-alone service, it is generally a strengths-based approach to parental education and empowerment.2,3,4,7,17 When utilized adjunct to family therapy, it has a clinical focus on improving the overall system through fostering adaptive strategies, resources, and support.6,8,9,10,11,12,13

Final Thoughts On Parent Coaching

Parent coaching fosters support, understanding, and growth to decrease child issues and improve overall family function. Parent coaches most commonly work with developmental disorders, behavioral issues, eating disorders, and children at high risk. If you’re dealing with parental issues, you’re not alone. Fortunately, there is a broad spectrum of accommodating providers.

Additional Resources

Education is just the first step on our path to improved mental health and emotional wellness. To help our readers take the next step in their journey, Choosing Therapy has partnered with leaders in mental health and wellness. Choosing Therapy may be compensated for referrals by the companies mentioned below.

BetterHelp (Online Therapy & Parent Coaching) – BetterHelp has over 20,000 licensed therapists who provide convenient and affordable online therapy and parent coaching. BetterHelp starts at $60 per week. Complete a brief questionnaire and get matched with the right therapist for you. Get Started

Headspace (Mindful Parenting) – Mindfulness and meditation can change your life. In a few minutes a day with Headspace, you can start developing mindfulness and meditation skills. Free Trial

Choosing Therapy’s Directory (Family Counseling) – Find an experienced therapist trained in family counseling. You can search for a therapist by specialty, availability, insurance, and affordability. Therapist profiles and introductory videos provide insight into the therapist’s personality so you find the right fit. Find a therapist today.

Choosing Therapy partners with leading mental health companies and is compensated for referrals by BetterHelp and Headspace.

For Further Reading

  • Highly Recommended Parenting Books
  • Mental Health America
  • National Alliance on Mental Health
  • MentalHealth.gov
18 sources

Choosing Therapy strives to provide our readers with mental health content that is accurate and actionable. We have high standards for what can be cited within our articles. Acceptable sources include government agencies, universities and colleges, scholarly journals, industry and professional associations, and other high-integrity sources of mental health journalism. Learn more by reviewing our full editorial policy.

  • Targeted Case Management Services: Intensive Care Coordination (2017) website. retrieved from https://www.masspartnership.com/pdf/PerfSpec-IHT.pdf

  • Parent Coaching (2021) Website. retrieved from https://www.riverviewtherapy.com/services/parent-coaching/

  • Arboretum Psychological Services: How does parent consultation differ from parent coaching? (n.d) Website. Retrieved from https://www.arboretumpsych.com/parent-consultation-vs-parent-coaching

  • The Asperger / Autism Network (AANE) (2021) Website. Retrieved from https://www.aane.org/resources/family-and-friends/parent-coaching

  • Anu Family Services. (2021) Website. Retrieved from https://www.anufs.org/our-services/parent-coaching/

  • Therapeutic Parent Coaching | One on One Approach to Parenting (2016) Website. Retrieved from https://www.familyevaluation.org/therapeutic-parenting-coaching.html

  • PCI Coaching Model™ Parent Coaching Institute (2021) Website. Retrieved from https://www.thepci.org/training-program/coaching-model.html

  • Berry, V. Wilkinson, K. Farr, N. Stimson, A. (2019) Assessing the Feasibility of Parent Life coaching Intervention to Support parents and Children who have Experienced Domestic Violence and Abuse. Journal of Family Violence (34) 493-506

  • Lau, A. S., Fung, J. J., Ho, L. Y., Liu, L. L., & Gudiño, O. G. (2011). Parent training with high-risk immigrant chinese families: a pilot group randomized trial yielding practice-based evidence. Behavior therapy, 42(3), 413–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2010.11.001

  • Ramirez, N.F., Lytle, S.R, Fish, M,. Kuhl, P.K. (2018) Parent Coaching at 6 months and 10 months improves outcomes at 14 months: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Institute for learning and Brain Sciences, Seattle, WA. Wiley.

  • Murray, S. B., & Le Grange, D. (2014). Family therapy for adolescent eating disorders: an update. Current psychiatry reports, 16(5), 447.

  • Jenelle R. Shanley & Larissa N. Niec (2010) Coaching Parents to Change: The Impact of In Vivo Feedback on Parents’ Acquisition of Skills, Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 39:2, 282-287, DOI: 10.1080/15374410903532627

  • Harvey Melnick, MS, GCC, PCC. (2014). Gestalt Parent Coaching©: A New Model for Intervening In Family Systems. Gestalt Review, 18(2), 130-145. Retrieved March 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/gestaltreview.18.2.0130

  • McGill, F. (2020) Parent Coaching: How far have we come and how far can we go?. The Hanen Centre Brochure. Retrievd from https://www.hanen.org/SiteAssets/Articles—Printer-Friendly/Clinical—Program-Support/Parent-coaching-how-far-have-we-come-PF.aspx

  • Choosing a Parent Training Program | Family Behavioral Resources. (2020). Child Mind Institute. Retrieved from https://childmind.org/article/choosing-a-parent-training-program/

  • Stephanie Knatz, Abby Braden & Kerri N. Boutelle (2015) Parent Coaching Model for Adolescents With Emotional Eating, Eating Disorders, 23:4, 377-386, DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2015.1044352

  • Parenting Coaches (2021) Life Coach Hub. Website. Retrieved from https://www.lifecoachhub.com/

  • Pellecchia, M., Beidas, R. S., Mandell, D. S., Cannuscio, C. C., Dunst, C. J., & Stahmer, A. C. (2020). Parent empowerment and coaching in early intervention: study protocol for a feasibility study. Pilot and feasibility studies, 6, 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-020-00568-3

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Headshot of Julia Chamberlain, MS, INHC, LMHC
Written by:

Julia M. Chamberlain

MS, INHC, LMHC
Headshot of Benjamin Troy, MD
Reviewed by:

Benjamin Troy

MD
  • What Is Parent Coaching?Definition
  • What Can Parent Coaching Help With?What It Helps
  • Parent Coaching Techniques & ModelsModels
  • Parent Coaching ExamplesExamples
  • Cost of a Parenting CoachCost
  • How to Find a Parent CoachFind
  • What to Expect at Your First Session1st Session
  • Is Parent Coaching Effective?Effectiveness
  • How Is Parent Coaching Different Than Other Counseling Options?Differences
  • Final Thoughts On Parent CoachingConclusion
  • Additional ResourcesResources
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